Exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What are primary groups?
A
Usually informal because they are personal and close
2
Q
What are secondary groups?
A
They are time limited groups and the purpose is to meet specific goals
3
Q
What are some examples of groups?
A
Counseling, therapy groups, pyschoeducation, work groups, and interprofessional clinical team
4
Q
What is the purpose of group communication?
A
- it provides central means of communicating with others within and between clinical settings
5
Q
What are the three characteristics of successful goals?
A, M, WC
A
- Achievable
- measureable
- within capabilities of the group members
6
Q
What is group cohesion ( group unity)?
A
Members desire to work together to accomplished their goals
7
Q
What is a critical requirement for patient therapy groups?
A
A persons capacity to derive benefit from the group and to contribute to group goals is a critical requirement for patient therapy groups
8
Q
What is a group norm?
A
Unwritten behavioral rules expected of group members
9
Q
What are universal norms?
A
Explicit behavioral standards which must be present in all groups to achieve effective outcomes
10
Q
What are some examples of universal norms?
C, RA, SD
A
- Confidentiality
- regular attendance
- Using group time for specific discussion
11
Q
What are group specific norms?
A
Rules constructed by group members that represents shared beliefs and values
12
Q
What are examples of group specific norms?
IOL, UOH, C
A
- Intolerances for lateness
- use of humor
- confrontation
13
Q
What are group dynamics?
A
Used to describe the communication process and behaviors that occur during the life of the group
14
Q
What is the five stage model of small group development?
F, S, N, P, A
A
- forming
- storming
- norming
- performing
- adjourning
15
Q
What is forming?
1st
A
When members of the group come together, and the leader orients everyone into intros. During this phase the leader intros universal norms
16
Q
what is storming?
2nd
A
the focus is mainly on control and power withing the group, they sucsessfully deal with resistance through relationship building
17
Q
what is norming?
3rd
A
individual goals become aligned with group goals the norms make the group “safe” and expeerience cohesiveness
18
Q
what is preforming?
4th
A
group work gets accomplished in this phase because of accpetance of each member
19
Q
what is adjourning?
5th
A
final phase in which they reflect and review the work that was brought forth
20
Q
what is self role?
A
the person unconsciously acts to meet self needs at the expense of others within the group
21
Q
what is are some examples of a dysfunction roles (SELF ROLES) within the group?
A, B, J, A, SC, R
A
- agressor
- blocker
- joker
- avoider
- self confessor
- recognition
22
Q
what are the characteristics of the aggressor in dysfunctionl roles?
A
blames others, personally attacks other members, uses sarcasm and hostility to communicate
23
Q
what are the characteristics of the blocker in dysfunctionl roles?
A
instantly reject ideas or argues every idea, obstructs descison making
24
Q
what are the characteristics of the joker in dysfunctionl roles?
A
disrupts work of the group by constantly joking
25
what are the characteristics of the avoider in dysfunctionl roles?
daydreams during meetings, acts indiffrent and passive
26
what are the characteristics of the self confessor in dysfunctionl roles?
uses the group to express personal views and feelings unrelated to the group goals
27
what are the characteristics of the recognition in dysfunctionl roles?
seeks attention by excessivley talking, expresses extreme ideas or demenstrating perculiar behavoir
28
what are closed therapeutic groups?
have selected membership and for an extended period of time
29
what is an example of closed theraputic groups?
pyschotherapy groups
30
what is an open group?
doesn't have defined membership
31
what is an example of an open group?
community support groups
32
what is an homogenous group?
share common goals and characteristics like diagnosis or demographic
33
what is an example of homogenous groups?
breast cancer support group
34
what is an example of heterogenous groups?
represent a wider diversity of member characteristics and personal issues
35
what are the diffrent leader styles?
| A, DG, LF
- authoritarian group leader
- democratic group leader
- laissez faire group leader
36
what is the characteritics of the authoritarian group leader?
- takes full responsibilty
- this style works best when there is limited time to make descions
37
what is the characteristics of the democratic group leader?
- invites member participation
- can adapt leadership style to fit the changing needs of the group
- goal-oriented and flexible
38
what is the characteristics of the laissez-faire group leader?
- disengaged
- doesn't control group decision-making
39
how do informal leaders form within a group?
- have a good grip the situational demands of the task, there personality allows them to emerge as informal GL
40
what is coleadership?
- a form of shared leadership found primarily in therapy and support groups
- adsds another perspective to processing group dynamics
41
what is reminiscence groups?
designed to aide persons in a life review process, meant to provide a supportive ego enhancing experience
42
what is reality orientation groups?
helping members remain in contact with their envoirment
43
what are remotivation groups?
they stimulate thinking about skills needed for activites of daily living. the purpose is to attempt to reach a aprt of a cognitivley distrubed mind that is still functioning
43
what are the characteristics of effeective communication?
| F, T, A, C, U
- frequent
- timley
- accurate
- complete
- unambigous
43
What are the four essential characteristics of communication?
- Clear
-brief
- timely
- complete
43
what is the first characteristic of a healthy work place?
efficent in communication and clinical skills
43
what is the second characteristic of a healthy work place?
relentless in pursuit of collabaration
43
What factors may influence professional relationships?
- Gender
- hierarchy
- generational diversity
- communication silos
43
what is the sixth characteristic of a healthy work place?
| unit awards
nurse leaders embrace the healthy work envoirment, live in it, and engage others in its achivemnt
43
What is the definition of ageism?
The systemic stereotyping and discrimination of older adults
43
What have age biases been associated with?
Poor cognition, functional, and mental health outcomes and are a risk factor for abuse
43
What are the negative impact of ageism?
- elderly abuse
- depression
- early mortality
43
What is elderlyspeak?
A form of patronizing speech to older adults like “baby talk”
43
What are the positive outcomes of reminiscing?
- improves quality of life
- improves socialization
- Provides cognitive stimulation
- improves communication
- facilitate personal growth
43
What are the conflict resolution steps?
Step 1) identity sources of conflict
Step 2) sets goals
Step 3) implement solutions
43
What is the purpose of step 1 of resolution conflict identifying sources of conflict?
Recognizing miscommunication early and giving an appropriate response
43
What is step 2 in conflict resolution; set goals?
Being able to stay calm, and address the conflict with a solution
44
What is the purpose of step 3 of conflict resolution; implement solutions?
Finding high quality, mutually acceptable solution through a win win strategy
45
What is the age marker for late adulthood?
65 yrs old
46
What are the three age cohorts?
YO, MO, OO
- young old
-middle old
-old old
47
What is aging accompanied by?
CIA, M, EL, I, SL, OF
Changes in appearance, mobility, energy levels, immunity, sensory levels, organ function
48
What is successful aging?
Ability to adapt to age related changes without compromising one’s sense of self
49
What are examples of debilitating problems that trouble the older demographic?
F, UI, PU, FD, D
- falls
- urinary incontinence
- pressure ulcers
- functional decline
- delirium
50
What is the purpose of the transitional model?
designed to provide continuity of care as older adults get discharged from one health agency to another
51
What is ego integrity?
Describes acceptance of the life cycle
52
What is ego despair?
Describes the failure of a person to accept one’s life as appropriate and meaningful
53
What does the mini mental state examination asses?
O, M, A, L
Measures several dimensions of cognition
- orientation
- memory
- Abstraction
- language
54
What is an abnormal score on the mini mental state examination?
Greater than 26
55
What is functional status?
a broad range of purposeful abilities related to physical health maintenance, role performance, cognition or intellectual abilities, social activities, and level of emotional functioning
56
What is apraxia?
Loss of the ability to take purposeful action even when muscles, senses, and vocab seems intact
57
What is hallmark of dementia?
Difficulty with purposeful communication
58
What is essential to conducting a family assessment?
1) needs are met
2) uncover gaps in care
3) offer multiple supports
59
What is the purpose of the general systems theory?
Evaluations of the output and feedback loops from the envoirment inform the systems of changes needed to achieve effective outputs
60
What are the main goals of von bertalanffy’s theory?
To prioritize the greater good, when one part of the system fails everything goes down with it
61
What is the main points of Bowen’s system theories?
- family roles switch in high anxiety situations
62
What is the main points of the Calgary Family Assessment and Family Interaction model?
It is an organizing framework for nurses to be able to understand families, the model looks at structure, development, and function patterns within the family
63
What is a communication deficit?
An impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts
64
What are the different kind of communication deficits?
H, V, S, l, CP
- hearing
- vision
- speech
- language
Cognitive processing
65
What is hearing loss?
Hearing loss greater than 40dB but less than 70dB
66
What is the ranges for normal hearing?
20dB or better in both ears
67
What can cause hearing loss?
- genetics
- congenital
- acquired
68
What are the different types of hearing loss?
C, S, F
- conductive
- sensorineural
- functional
69
In what circumstances could hearing loss be acquired?
- infections
- medication toxicity
- exposure to excessive noise
- music playing at higher than 85dB
70
What ratio of newborns are born deaf or have hearing loss?
3 of every 1000
71
What is presbycusis?
Degeneration of ear structures that normally occurs with aging
72
What is vision loss?
Visual impairments caused by a 20/200 vision or worse
73
What causes vision loss?
- cataracts
- exposure to sun
- aging
- eye development
74
What test is recommended for children younger than 5 yrs old?
- amblyopia
- strabismus
- visual acuity
75
What happens to the lens as we age?
The lens becomes less flexible causing the eyes to accommodate less to shifts from far to near vision
76
What is presbyopia?
The lens is no longer able to accommodate
77
What are the different kinds of impaired verbal communication?
- speech
- language
78
What is a speech deficit?
Impaired articulation
79
What is a language deficit?
Impaired comprehension or use of spoken sounds
80
What causes a speech or language deficit?
- neurological trauma
- communication problems
81
What is aphasia?
Stroke pt
A neurological linguistic deficit
82
What is expressive aphasia?
They are able to understand what is being said but cannot express thoughts or feelings in words
83
What is receptive aphasia?
Creates difficulty in receiving and processing written and oral messages
84
What is global aphasia?
Has difficulty with both expressing and reception of messages
85
What is impaired cognitive processing in children?
Limits on ability to learn and function in everyday life
86
What is impaired cognitive processing in adults?
Associated with traumatic brain injury, infection, and degenerative diseases
87
What percentage of people with Parkinson’s disease will experience cognitive impairment that impacts QOL?
60-80%
88
What is a communication deficit?
Different types of communication deficit resulting from a malfunctioning neurotransmitter
89
What is envoirmental deprivation?
Sensory deprivation from areas like the ICU
90
What is the gyrate shape/ pattern of lesions?
Shake
Snake like appearance
91
What is wheals?
Itchy insect bites
Multiple solid red raised lesions
92
What is a bulla
Blister
93
What is dermatofibroma?
Deep lesion in the dermis ( nodule)
94
Where is s1 louder?
The apex of the heart
95
Where is s2 louder?
Base of the heart
96
What are the typical sounds of the heart?
- Lubb dub
- low pitched and intensity
97
What is the order of the cardiac auscultation?
- aortic
- pulmonic
- erb’s point
- tricuspid
-mitral
98
What disease is an indication of white or clear sputum?
Colds, viral infections, or bronchitis
99
what disease(s) are an indicated with yellow or green sputum?
Bacterial infections
100
When will black sputum occur?
Smoke, coal, or dust inhalation
101
What is a rust color sputum an indication of?
TB or pneumococcal pneumonia
102
What is the normal range for BMI?
18.5 to 24.9
103
what BMI percent is considered underweight?
18.5 and less
104
What BMI measurement is considered obses?
30-39.9
105
What is BMI value is considered overweight?
25- 29.9
