Exam 3 Flashcards
How does salt/sugar preserve food?
manipulate water activity/temp to reduce growth
Meat, fish, cereal, biscuits are preserved how?
Using heat to remove water
Clostridium botulinum is controlled by what?
Nitrates in sausages
Sodium& Calcium propionate are used in what?
breads- inhibit mold w/o messing with yeast
Spices
Strong flavored part with ess. oils- roots, bark, seeds, fruits, buds
Herbs
Leaves of non-woody plants
Vanilla, cocoa, red peppers tarragon are from
New world spices
Cinnamon, black pepper, cloves are from
Tropical asian spices
Thyme, mint, basil, caraway are from
Europe/med. spices
What spices are most antimicrob?
garlic, onion, oregano, allspice
what is dronabinol/marinol?
man-made cannabis, used for cancer treatment to help nausea
General cannabis pathway
intake of source of cannabis, binds to endocannabinoid receptors in brain, initiates physiological process like pain, appetite, mood
CB1
brain, lungs, vascular system, muscles, GI, reproductive
CB2
spleen, bone, skin
CB1/CB2
immune sys, liver, bone marrow, pancreas
Psychoactive compounds
THC, CBN, THCV
Non-psychoactive compounds
CDC, CBG, CBD
5 main factors to cancer
age, environment, diet, genetics, viruses
Environment factors on cancer
UV light, ionizing radiation, x-rays, CT scans, air pollution
Food factors on cancer
animal fats/red meats, nitrates, pyrrolizidine alkaloids (asteraceae, boraginaceae, fabaceae)
Genistein
isoflavone, in soy, lessens breast/prostate cancers
Epicatechin derivatives
found in camellia sinensis, contain aflavins/thearubigins which effect tissues of lungs, liver, pancreas- found in green tea
curcurmin
tumeric, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic, prevents some cancer in breast, colon,
Viscum album, Loranthaceae
mistletoe
Therapeutic agents
antihormones, modifiers of DNA/nucleic acids, antimitotic agents
Taxol
found in yews, antimitotic agent stabilizes microtubules
Heart Attacks
Coronary Thrombosis/Myocardial Infarction- part of heart muscle dies due to blockage
Arrhythmias
Abnormal rhythm due to pacemaker cell change
Tachycardia
very rapid regular rate
Fibrillation
irregular, rapid twitching
Atrial fluttering
rapid flapping, every other beat goes through
Congestive Heart Failure
Dropsy/edema, heart doesn’t pump well enough, blood congests or builds up pressure, overloads and damages
Angina Pectoris
intermittent chest pain due to physical activity/stress, indicate coronary insuff.
Heart Valve Stenosis
scar tissue from on valves after S.pyo , narrowing leads to murmur
