exam 3 Flashcards
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: the shell has a nautiloid with what?
gas chambers
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: squid have a thin strip called what, enclosed in mantle?
pen
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: swim by expelling water through a funnel siphon, control direction & speed
locomotion
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: 1 pair of gills, branchial hearts
respiratory & circulatory systems
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda:
brain is largest of any invertebrate, eye similar to mammals
nervous/sensory systems
why has cephalopod intelligence not evolved?
die after reproduction
why do cephalopods have intelligence?
communication
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda:
what are cells in the skin that contain pigment granules?
chromatophores
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: empties into rectum, used when alarmed
ink sac/gland
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda (reproduction): modified male arm that transfers into the female
hectocotylus
phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda: in reproduction, males store sperm, packaged in
spermatophores
mollusca: in subclass nautiloida, tentacles lack
suckers
molluscs: in subclass coleoidea octopods lack
tentacles
molluscs: in subclass coleoidea cuttlefish and squid have __ arms and __ tentacles
8 arms, 2 tentacles
clade ecdysozoa: molted by ____ using hormone ____
ecdysis; ecdysone
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: these model for studies of genomics and cell development
Caenorhabdites elegans
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: this is a set number of cells; can determine cell trait
eutely
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: sensory organs on the head
amphids
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: males have ____ which holds female vulva open
spicules
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: an infection that contacts skin through soil
Necator americanus
clade ecdysozoa phylum nematoda: river blindness is caused by what bacteria?
Wolbachia
phylum onychoplora: tracheal system has what open to outside
spiracles
phylum tardigrada: the sucking mouth has 2 what that pierce integument of nematodes?
stylets
phylum tardigrada: what has a hydrostatic skeleton?
water bears
phylum tardigrada: water bears can suspend metabolism to survive harsh conditions, this is known as?
cryptobiosis
phylum tardigrada: in reproduction there may be an absence of males, what is this?
parthenogenesis
phylum onychoplora have what?
1 pair antennae and soft cuticle
success in arthropods includes?
•exoskeleton
•segmentation & jointed appendages
•air pumped directly to cells
•sensory organs
•complex behavior patterns
•metamorphosis
in arthropods, what are characteristics of the exoskeleton
•cuticle
•lightweight & flexible
•protection against drying
•ecdysis
•restricts final size
in arthropoda, somites fused into specialized groups are
tagmata
in arthropoda, appendages specialize in what?
sensing, food handling, walking, swimming, & digging
in arthropoda, air is pumped directly into cells, how do terrestrial vs. aquatic arthropods respirate?
terrestrial: tracheal system
aquatic: gills
in arthropoda, sensory organs have what capabilities?
•eyes: simple or compound
•touch, smell, hearing, balancing, & chemical reception
arthropods have different larval & adult stages, as well as occupying different habitats and eating different food, what is this known as?
metamorphosis
subphylum chelicerata, subclass eurypterida: the abdomen has __ segments which are spike-like ____
12 segments; telson
subphylum chelicerata, subclass xiphosurida: the abdomen has __ pairs of broad, thin, appendages
6
arachnids have two tagmata:
cephalothorax & abdomen
order araneae (spiders): cephalothorax and abdomen joined by what?
pedicel
order scorpionida: preabdomen has __ segments and post abdomen has long, slender tail of __ segments that ends in a stinger
pre-abdomen: 7 segments
post-abdomen: 5 segments
order opiliones (daddy long legs): abdomen and cephalothorax lack what?
pedicel
subphylum trilobita: fusion of segments (head) antennae, compound eyes, a mouth, jointed appendages
cephalon
subphylum trilobita: fused into a plate
pygidium
subphylum chelicerata has six paired appendages including:
chelicerae, pedipalps, and 4 pairs of legs
subclass xiphosurida has what on some abdominal appendages?
book gills
subclass xiphosurida carapace has ____ & ____ eyes
2 compound and 2 simple
class merostomata has no hemoglobin meaning what?
blue blood
class pycnogonida (sea spiders): some males have a pair of legs called what that carry developing eggs?
ovigers
how many pairs of legs do sea spiders have?
4 pairs (some 5-6)
in spiders, what provides sensory functions and reproduction?
pedipalps
order araneae: parallel air pockets extend into a blood-filled chamber?
book gills
how many pairs of spinnerets do spiders have?
2-3
in spiders, males store sperm in what?
pedipalps
scorpions can be oviviparous or viviparous, what does this mean?
can produce 6 to 90 young
order solpugida (camel spiders): shred their prey with large
chelicerae
order opiliones (daddy long legs): chelicerae are like
pinchers
in order acari (ticks and mites) ___ pierce, tear, or grip food
chelicerae
in ticks and mites the cephalothorax and abdomen are
fused
subphylum crustacea have how many pairs of antenna
2
subphylum crustacea have how many mandibles?
1 pair
subphylum crustacea have how many maxillae?
2 pairs
basal crustaceans can have up to __ segments
60
crustaceans tagmata consists of
head, thorax, abdomen
crustacea: nonsegmented anterior end
rostrum
crustacea: dorsal covering
carapace
crustaceans head have __ fused segments, thorax have __, and abdomen have __
head: 5
thorax: 8
abdomen: 6
crustacea appendages consist of a basal _____, a lateral _____, and a medial _____
basal protopod, lateral exopod, medial endopod
crustaceans compound eyes are made of many units called what?
ommatidia
crustaceans nauplius consists of a _____ 1st antennae, _____ 2nd antennae, and _____ for swimming
uniramous 1st antennae, biramous 2nd antennae, and mandibles for swimming
nauplius larva are unlike adults and undergo what
metamorphosis
crustaceans telson is the last abdominal so it’s and uropods are what?
the tail
