exam 3

Question 1

zygote

Answer 1

fertilized egg

Question 2

germinal stage

Answer 2

conception - 2 weeks

Question 3

embryonic stage

Answer 3

2 weeks - 8 weeks

Question 4

fetal stage

Answer 4

9 weeks to birth

Question 5

cephalocaudal development

Answer 5

babies develop head first then the rest follows

Question 6

proximodistal development

Answer 6

babies develop inside out (trunk then limbs)

Question 7

cognitive development

Answer 7

the emergence of the ability to think + understand

Question 8

assimilation

Answer 8

the process by which people translate info into a form they can understand

Question 9

accommodation

Answer 9

the process by which people adapt current knowledge structures in response to new experiences

Question 10

sensorimotor development

Answer 10

(birth to 2 years) Infant experience world through movement and senses, develops schemas, begins to act intentionally, shows evidence of understanding of object permanence

Question 11

preoperational development

Answer 11

(2 to 6 years) Child acquires motor skills but does not understand conservation of physical properties. Child begins this stage by thinking egocentrically but ends with a basic understanding of other mind

Question 12

concrete operational

Answer 12

(6 to 11 years) Child can think logically about physical objects and events and understands conservation of physical properties

Question 13

formal operational

Answer 13

(11+ years) Child can think logically about abstract propositions and hypotheticals

Question 14

Piaget’s Three Mountain Task

Answer 14

Test to see if kid can see perspectives that aren’t their own. Egocentrism.

Question 15

joint attention

Answer 15

the ability to focus on what another person is focused on

Question 16

social referencing

Answer 16

the ability to use another person’s reactions as info about the world

Question 17

secure attachment

Answer 17

An infant or child has a high-quality, relatively unambivalent relationship with his or her attachment figure (most common)

Question 18

avoidant attachment

Answer 18

Child emotionally distant/indifferent, parent disengaged

Question 19

ambivalent attention

Answer 19

anxious/angry kid wants to connect but also doesn’t, inconsistent parent.

Question 20

disorganized attachment

Answer 20

child has no consistent way to cope with stress. parent + child depressed, angry, passive, nonresponsive

Question 21

pre-conventional moral development

Answer 21

Stage 1 (obedience + punishment) + Stage 2 (individualism + exchange) - kids?

Question 22

conventional moral development

Answer 22

Stage 3 (interpersonal relationships) + Stage 4 (authority + social order) - adults?

Question 23

post-conventional moral development

Answer 23

Stage 5 (social contract) + Stage 6 (universal principles)

Question 24

personality

Answer 24

an individual’s characteristic style of thinking, behaving, and feeling

Question 25

Self-Reporting

Answer 25

method of measuring personality. A series of answers to a questionnaire that asks people to indicate the extent to which sets of statements or adjectives accurately describe their own behavior or mental state

Question 26

projective tests

Answer 26

method of measuring personality. A standard series of ambiguous stimuli designed to elicit unique responses that reveal inner aspects of an individual’s personality. subjective on multiple levels.

Question 27

objective measures

Answer 27

method of measuring personality. electronically activated recorder (EAR) records soundbites at intervals + gives objective info about subject.

Question 28

Big Five Factor Model

Answer 28

O (open to experience)
C (conscientiousness)
E (extraversion)
A (agreeableness)
N (neuroticism)

Question 29

heritability

Answer 29

the way genes influence personality

Question 30

Superego

Answer 30

age 5-6. mental system reflects internalization of cultural rules. social/moral

Question 31

Id

Answer 31

present at birth. source of needs/wants/drives.

Question 32

Ego

Answer 32

age 1-2. component of personality developed through contact with external world. id + superego battle over.