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psych > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Mind

A

private inner experience

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2
Q

Behavior

A

observable actions

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3
Q

Nativism

A

Plato. Nature. born with traits that determine what we know and who we are.

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4
Q

Empiricism

A

Aristotle/Locke. Nurture. All knowledge acquired through experience.

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

William James. Study of how mental abilities allow people to adapt to their environments. Milestone - scientific approach to psych

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6
Q

Structuralism

A

Wilhelm Wundt. Analysis of the mind by breaking it down into basic components. Milestone - first psych laboratory

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7
Q

Consciousness

A

person’s subjective experience of the world and mind (structuralism)

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8
Q

Empiricism

A

Aristotle/Lock. Nurture. All knowledge acquired through experience.

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9
Q

Introspection

A

subjective observation of one’s experience. (structuralism)

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10
Q

Study Design

A

the way a variable is defined and measured in a study

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11
Q

Independent Variables

A

Variable that you change. x axis

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12
Q

Dependent Variables

A

variable observed. y axis

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13
Q

Ethics

A

informed consent, voluntary participation, deception + debriefing, confedentiality

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14
Q

Primary cortices

A

frontal lobe(precentral gyrus), parietal lobe (post-central gyrus), temporal lobe, occipital lobe

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15
Q

precentral gyrus. frontal lobe.

A

Movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement

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16
Q

Parietal Lobe - Post central gyrus

A

Info about touch. somatosensory?

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17
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing and language

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18
Q

Occipital lobe

A

visual info

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19
Q

Diffusion

A

spreading of ions. dependent on concentration gradient.

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20
Q

Synaptic transmission parts

A

presynaptic cell, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic cell

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21
Q

Consciousness

A

person’s subjective experience of the world and the mind

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22
Q

Phenomenology

A

how things seem to the conscious person

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23
Q

Properties of consciousness

A

intentionality, unity, selectivity, transcience

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24
Q

Intentionality

A

being directed toward an object. conscious attention is limited

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25
Q

unity

A

resistance to division. take in entire scene without distraction

26
Q

Selectivity

A

capacity to include some objects but not others

27
Q

Transience

A

tendency to change

28
Q

Minimal consciousness

A

sensory awareness and responsiveness. responding to basic sensations

29
Q

Full consciousness

A

ability to be aware and describe mental state

30
Q

Self consciousness

A

attention to self as an object

31
Q

Default Mode Network

A

areas of the brain that are active when we are daydreaming

32
Q

Mental control

A

attempting to change cinscious states of mind

33
Q

Thought Suppression

A

conscious avoidance of a thought

34
Q

Ironic processes

A

monitoring for errors can actually produce them

35
Q

Dynamic Unconscious

A

active system containing hidden memories, deep instincts, and desires

36
Q

Repression

A

mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness

37
Q

Cognitive Unconscious

A

mental processes that give rise to a person’s thoughts, choices, emotions, and behavior even though they are not experienced by the person

38
Q

Subliminal Perception

A

A thought of behavior that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving

39
Q

Sleep

A

Reversible physiologic

40
Q

Altered state of consciousness

A

forms of experience that depart from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind

41
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

a naturally occurring 24 hour cycle

42
Q

Hypnagogic state

A

d

43
Q

Hynopompic state

A

s

44
Q

Dyssomnia

A

insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy

45
Q

Insomnia

A

Trouble falling asleep

46
Q

Sleep apnea

A

restricted airflow while sleeping

47
Q

Narcolepsy

A

excessive daytime sleepiness

48
Q

Parasomnia

A

somnambulism, nightmares, night terrors

49
Q

Somnambulism

A

NREM 3/4

50
Q

Nightmares

A

distressful dreams, occurs in REM

51
Q

Night Terrors

A

arousal from deep sleep (NREM 3) accompanied by intense fear

52
Q

Scientific method

A

set of principles about the appropriate relationship between ideas + evidence

53
Q

Theory

A

hypothetical explanation of a natural phenomenon

54
Q

Hypothesis

A

a falsifiable prediction made by theory

55
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

A technique for gathering scientific info by unobtrusively observing people in their natural environments

56
Q

Double blind

A

an observation whose true purpose is hidden from the observer and the person being observed

57
Q

Demand characteristics

A

aspects of an observational setting that causes people to behave as they think they should

58
Q

A Good Measure

A

measure, validity, reliability, power, specificity

59
Q

Positive Correlation

A

both variables increase/decrease together

60
Q

Negative Correlation

A

As one variable increases, the other decreases. vice versa

61
Q

Third Variable Problem

A

the fact that a casual relationship between cannot be inferred from the naturally occurring correlation between them because of the ever present possibility of third variable correlation

62
Q

Neurons

A

Cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to perform info-processing tasks

psych (4 decks)

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