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Evolution and Ecology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ecology?

A

the interactions of organisms with their environment (abiotic and biotic)

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2
Q

What are the levels ecology can be studied at?

A

Global
Landscape
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Organismal

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3
Q

What is biogeography

A

Distribution of organisms on Earth and factors that affect their distribution

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4
Q

Name the biomes

A

Tundra
Taiga
Deciduous Forest
Grasslands/savanna
Desert
Tropical Rainforest
Chaparral

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5
Q

Which of the following is a biotic factor?
a. wind
b. disease-causing microbe
c. temperature
d. soil particle size

A

b. disease-causing microbe

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6
Q

The study of nutrient cycling through the environment is an example of which of the following?
a. organismal ecology
b. population ecology
c. community ecology
d. ecosystem ecology

A

ecosystem ecology

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7
Q

Understory plants in a temperate forest have
adaptations to capture limited ________.
a. water
b. nutrients
c. heat
d. sunlight

A

Sunlight

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8
Q

An ecologist hiking up a mountain may notice different biomes along the way due to changes in all of the following except:
a. elevation
b. rainfall
c. latitude
d. temperature

A

Latitude

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9
Q

Which of the following biomes is characterized by abundant water resources?
a. deserts
b. boreal forests
c. savannas
d. tropical wet forests

A

Tropical Wet Forests

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10
Q

Which of the following biomes is characterized by short growing seasons?
a. deserts
b. tropical wet forests
c. Arctic tundras
d. savannas

A

Arctic Tundras

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11
Q

Where would you expect to find the most photosynthesis in an ocean biome?
a. aphotic zone
b. abyssal zone
c. benthic realm
d. intertidal zone

A

d. intertidal zone

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12
Q

What are the four general levels of ecology?

A

organism, population, community, and ecosystem

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13
Q

What are conspecifics?

A

Organisms that are all members of the same species

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14
Q

What is Mutualism?

A

a form of long-term relationship that has coevolved between two species and from which each species benefits.

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15
Q

What are biotic components?

A

Living things

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16
Q

What are abiotic components?

A

Nonliving things

17
Q

Endemic species is one which is naturally found only in ________that is usually ___________.

A

a specific geographic area /restricted in size.

18
Q
  1. Humans have which type of survivorship curve?
A

Type I

19
Q

How is a clumped population distribution beneficial for prey animals?
Being a member of a larger group provides protection for each individual from predators.
Prey animals rely on each other to acquire food.
Prey animals live in small family groups to raise young.
Clumped population distributions ensure that at least one member of the population knows how to identify the seasonal migration route.

A

Being a member of a larger group provides protection for each individual from predators.

20
Q

What do social behaviors do?

A

developed in order to help reduce/eliminate intraspecific competition

21
Q

. Which of the following is associated with long-term parental care?

few offspring
many offspring
semelparity
fecundity

A

Few offspring

22
Q

Which of the following is associated with multiple reproductive episodes during a species’ lifetime?

semiparity
iteroparity
semelparity
fecundity

A

iteroparity

23
Q
  1. Which of the following is associated with the reproductive potential of a species?
    few offspring
    many offspring
    semelparity
    fecundity
A

fecundity

24
Q

Species with limited resources usually exhibit a(n) ________ growth curve.

A

Logistical growth curve

25
Q

The maximum rate of increased characteristic of a species is called its ________.

A

biotic potential

26
Q

. The population size of a species capable of being supported by the environment is called its ________.

A

Carrying capacity

27
Q
  1. Species that have many offspring at one time are usually:
A

r-SELECTED

28
Q

A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation.

A

density-independent

29
Q

Primates are examples of:

A

K-Selected

30
Q
  1. Which of the following statements does not support the conclusion that giraffes are k-selected species?
    Giraffes are approximately 6’ tall and weigh 150 lbs at birth.
    Wild giraffes begin mating at 6-7 years of age.
    Newborn giraffes are capable of coordinated walking within an hour of birth, and running within 24 hours of birth.
    Giraffes rarely give birth to twins.
A

Newborn giraffes are capable of coordinated walking within an hour of birth, and running within 24 hours of birth.

31
Q

What are the benefits of living in groups?

A

Improved foraging, reproductive assistance, reduced chance of predation

32
Q

What are the costs of living in groups?

A

increased visibility, competition, disease contraction

Evolution and Ecology (5 decks)

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