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exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

poverty in the 50s

A

Most poor in rural areas, appalachia, and inner cities
Movement of rural poor to inner cities
Worse diet and education then other americans
Native americans live in great poverty on reservations
Poor have been forgotten by most americans

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2
Q

freedom rides

A

n 1946 supreme court outlawed segregating interstate transportation
People would board buses in DC and travel down south where theyre forced to segregate but refuse
Huge media attention to the issue and violence is shown
Buses are burned and protestors are beat up
Government agencies make sure south complies with integration

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3
Q

interstate highway act

A

Creation of the interstate highway system funded by gas tax and other taxes
^ Most expensive public works project ever

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4
Q

eisenhowers political moderation

A

Protected popular liberal programs and promoted fiscal responsibility(finance)

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5
Q

religion in the 50s

A

Christian religions seen as contradiction to atheistic communism
Religions got relaxed in 40s which caused people to go to church in 50s
Under God added to the pledge of allegiance, “in God we trust” added to currency
Churches emphasized americanism and fellowship

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6
Q

comforitiy in the 50s

A

Growth in middle class, gender, and sexual comformity

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7
Q

baby boomers

A

76 million americans born between 1946 and 1964
In 1957 baby was born every 7 seconds
Greater emphasis on families and togetherness
Glorification of womens roles in the homes was a contradiction to reality

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8
Q

rock and roll music

A

Rock and Roll- adapted for white audiences from black rythm and blues music
Rock and rock shocked middle age adults for lyrics and dancing, as well as integration at concerts

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9
Q

civil rights movememnt idelogy and strategy

A

Taking jim crow to court is not enough, there needs to be direct activism

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10
Q

impact of montegemoery bus boycott

A

Montgomery bus boycott- blacks refuse to ride buses until theyre integrated, mlk gains fame

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11
Q

mlk and his philosopy

A

non violence

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12
Q

SCLC and SNCC

A

Dr king and other black ministers form southern christian leadership conference
Led thousands to protest across the south

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13
Q

Brown v board of education

A

integrated schools

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14
Q

little rock incident and signifigance

A

students that were discriminated after integrated schools, had to be helped by government, brought more attention to reform

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15
Q

gulf of tonkin resoultion

A

north vietnamese ships clashed with two us destroyers in gulf of tonkin
Congress passes gulf of tonkin resolution- gives lbj money to escalate war
^ dramatic expansion of presidental war powers

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16
Q

ngo dinh diem

A

CIA puts diem in power in 1954
South vietnamese do not like ngo dinh diem

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17
Q

JFK and new liberalism`

A

use the government to expand the economy, confront communism, and embrace civil rights

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18
Q

Cuban missile crisis

A

By 1962 soviets build missile bases in cuba
Cuban missile crisis puts millions of americans in fear
Closest us and ussr got to an all-out war
Jfk quietly negiotiates to resolve tensions and keep the world from world war

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19
Q

operation rolling thunder

A

bombing campgain of north vietnam

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20
Q

tet offensive

A

Widespread coordinated attack on vietnamese new year
Attacks on us soldiers, south vietnames cities and towns, eventually beaten back by US
Televised attacks shock americans who were lied to by politicians
Increased dissent to the war and massive large scale protests by young americans

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21
Q

great society goals

A

Similar to new and fair deals
Created new government programs to alleviate poverty that transformed the united states
Whirlwind of new legislation passed that expanded the federal government’s power
Gov at height of its power
Healthcare education, jobs, relief aid, and environmental regulations

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22
Q

vietnamization and nixons approach

A

process of withdrawing american troops and replacing them with south vietnamese troops

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23
Q

march on washington

A

255,000 americans march on washington to pressure politicans to act on civil rights
Dr king inspired by A. phillip randolph
Kennedy went on tv saying he supported civil rights, and supported a civil rights act in congress
Civil rights act in congress is blocked by southern conservatives
Civil rights activists speak and sing all day

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24
Q

civil rights act of 1964

A

ended segregation

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25
Q

voting rights act of 1965

A

gave an equal opportunity for blacks to vote

26
Q

black power movement and white misconceptions

A

Very different from the civil rights movement
Founded on the concepts of black nationalism, autonomy, and racial pride

Black panther empowered african americans, mobilized voters, and celebrated black pride

27
Q

mainstream feminist vs radical feminist

A

Mainstream fights against discrimatory laws, radicals fought against cultural discirmination

28
Q

nation organization of women

A

NOW)- filed lawsuits against gender discrimination and mobilized women

29
Q

phyliss schafelly

A

agruaged against feminism

30
Q

cesar chavez and united farm workers

A

wanted reform for migrant farm workers

31
Q

chicano/a movement

A

Defacto segregation- not segregation by law, but is a social norm
United farm workers of america(ufw)- wanted reform for migrant farm workers

32
Q

AIM

A

Aim focuses on protecting natives from police brutality, securing anti-poverty funds, and establishing schools to teach children about native culture and history

33
Q

gay liberation movements

A

Gay rights orgs form and mobilize like gay liberation front, and student homophile league

34
Q

harvey milk

A

First gay politcans are elected, like elaine noble and harvey milk

35
Q

COINTELPRO and j edgar hoover

A

Hoover and the fbi begin surveillance into social groups and activists
Hoover starts cointelpro to monitor social movements

36
Q

shirley chisolm

A

first african american woman to be elected to serve in house of reps

37
Q

nixons personality and success

A

Political moderate who balanced an increasingly conservative republican party and popular liberal programs

Nixon pursued policy of detente, or reduced tensions with communists
Nixon recognized peoples republic of china and welcomes it into the UN in 71’
First US president to visit china
Made peace with USSR

38
Q

southern strat in 1972 election

A

win southern conservatives
Nixon campaigned on curbing civil rights legislation and to nominate conservative supreme court justices

39
Q

stagflation

A

recession with inflation

40
Q

watergate scandal

A

used campaign money to find dirt and spy on opponents
Attorney general john mitchell approves of wiretap phones at democratic national committee at watergate hotel
A security guard caught the break-in by the plumbers
Nixon used his powers of presidency to cover up the crime by lying to public, hinder criminal investigations, coach people on how to testify, and paid money to quiet people

Two reporters from washington post receive info about break-in and cover-up from a source named deepthroat
Deepthroat was former cia officer deepthroat
News stories force senate to investigate with a special prosecutor
After several testimonies many of nixons aides and appointments resign
Bombshell testimony revealed that nixon taped every conversation in the white house
Special prosecutor demanded tapes and nixon refuses
Nixon orders attorney general to fire special prosecutor, he refuses and nixon fires attorney general and others that refuse to fire prosecutor”saturday night massacre”
Congress began impeachment trials

41
Q

the plumbers

A

secret white house unit to discredit opposition, called the plumbers

42
Q

jimmy carters philospohy and election of 76

A

Favored cutting government spending, deregulation of business, and urged more american self-sufficeny
Represented the growing movement of religious conservatism across the US

43
Q

camp david accords

A

camp david accords with egyptian president and iraseli premier

44
Q

opec embargo and fuel crisis

A

OPEC embargo cut off supplies to the west in 1973
US support for israel angered middle eastern nations that run OPEC
Two wars in 67’ and 73’ that US supported israel
Gas prices triple and many stations begin running out of gas to sell
Congress set new fuel-efficeny standards and lowered speed limits

45
Q

disco music

A

popular for escaping the problems of US
Growth of night and dance clubs
Increased drug use and sexual promiscuity

46
Q

iranian hostage crisis

A

Iranian shah placed in power in 1953 by the CIA was an american ally who abused his power
Islamic revolution sweeps across Iran in 1979 to remove the shah from power
Former shah comes to US for cancer treatment
Iranian protestors storm into the american embassy and take 66 hostages
Carter orders rescue mission with several helicopters, except they malfunction in desert and crash killing 7
Hostages held for 444 days
Carter gets the blame, gives “Crisis for confidence” speech

47
Q

grenada invasion

A

invades after a coo puts pro-castro leader in charge

48
Q

reaganomics

A

Reagan believed in trickle down economics
Big business and corporations prioritized again
Congress approved a 25% tax cut, cut 40 billion of welfare programs to counter lost revenue
Reagan pushed for new areas of deregulation such as banks, loan industries, and pollution
Reagan disliked labor unions and advocated for restricting their rights

49
Q

patco strike and outcome

A

reagan fires 11,000 air traffic controllers going on strike and killing the union, inspires other bosses to fire people who go on strike

50
Q

iran-contra scandal

A

Congress prohibited sending aid to contras in nicaragua to fight the sandinistas
Investigation revealed reagans administration sold arms to iran and sent money to nicaragua
A cover-up by a white house aid, oliver north, broke tbe law
Further information revealed that reagan knew nothing of sales but lacked oversight and accountability in the whitehouse

51
Q

hillary care

A

Universal health insurance plan spearheaded by first lady hillary
Backlash from health care lobbyists, physcians, and tobacco companies

52
Q

dont ask dont tell

A

to serve in the military you arent made to come out as straight

53
Q

globalization

A

connecting the world through technology trade ect

nafta

54
Q

clarence thomas

A

HW Bush chooses clarence thomas to be on US supreme court, who was accused of sexual harassment by anita hill

55
Q

persian gulf war

A

Iraq invades Kuwait in 1990, led by dictator saddam hussein
HW Bush assembles multi-national coalition with the UN

56
Q

aids crisis

A

A disease that destroys the bodys immune system
Appears in reagans second term
Spread through sex and drug use
Conservative americans labeled it as “gay cancer”
Bush adminstration funded research and the spread of the disease is slowed

57
Q

monica lewinsky scandal

A

Paula jones claimed bill clinton sexually harassed her
At trial clinton denied allegation and rumors of affair with whitehouse intern monica lewinsky
Clinton settles out of court with 850,000 payout to jones
Lewinskys friend taped conversations between lewinsky and clinton, house republicas impeach clinton for perjury but fail to remove him from office

58
Q

welfare reform act

A

restricts recipients to two years of coverage and five year lifetime total

59
Q

contract of america

A

agenda in 1994 election

60
Q

savings and loans crisis

A

Savings and loans industries provided loans and mortgages to spur home ownership
U.S. bailout of S&L industries cost taxpayers 400 billion
Over 1,000 financial institutions failed, caused by reagans deregulation
Mounting deficits from reagan tax cuts, military spending and bailout
Severe recession strangles the country by 1990
Bush raises taxes and election pledge, causes outrage

61
Q

2000 election

A

Democrat and VP Al gore vs George W Bush
Gore won the popular vote, but electoral college comes down to florida, which bush wins and makes him president
Issues with voting system leads to recount in florida
Supreme court stopped recount and designated bush the winner

exam 1 (3 decks)

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