exam 2

Question 1

*Democrats Division in the 1920s

Answer 1

Democratic Party was divided throughout the 1920s.
Urban v. Rural, Progressive v. Conservative, Wet v. Dry

Question 2

*Republican Ideology/Beliefs of the 1920s

Answer 2

Conservative republican presidencies that promote business, low tax, individualism, isolationism, and overseas business

Question 3

*Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 3

Albert fall, the interior secretary leases government land to be drilled on by oil companies for self profit

Question 4

*Labor Unions in the 1920s

Answer 4

Decline in labor unions throughout the 20s because of prosperity, theyre seen as radical after war protests

Question 5

Ku Klux Klan Resurgence

Question 6

Causes of the Economic Boom of the 1920s

Answer 6

Continued ww1 manufacturing levels, rise of mass produced goods, rallying stock market, and wages rising, all lead to a rise in business

Question 7

Henry Ford

Answer 7

Henry ford- one of most prominent businessmen of the 20’s
Ford introduces the assembly line
Ford also creates the model T, becomes affordable for the average family
Ford provided 5 dollar days for his worker( a lot for the time) increases productivity

Question 8

*Election of 1928

Answer 8

Calvin Coolidge doesnt run for another term
Herbert hoover vs Al smith
Hoover had never held an office before, pro-business, dry(no alc)
Al smith was urban, reform-oriented, wet(alc), faces lots of backlash and prejudice because he is catholic

Question 9

*The Tulsa Massacre

Answer 9

killing of blacks

Question 10

*The “New Negro” Movement

Answer 10

NAACP and other black activists fight to end lynching, white primaries, and other forms of discrimination.
Activists supported black empowerment and appreciation.
Activists were anti-colonialism in Africa and anti-imperialism of the U.S.

Question 11

*The Garvey Movement

Answer 11

Marcus Garvey creates the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
Garvey urged for African Americans to go and rebuild the continent of Africa.
Buys the Black Star Steamship Line.
Deported in 1927 after he was found guilty of fraud.

Question 12

*The National Origins Act of 1924

Answer 12

the National Origins Act (1924) establishes a quota system that limits immigration from any foreign country to 2% while completely excluding Asian immigration.

Question 13

Farmers in the 1920s

Answer 13

New technologies (tractors, plows, etc.) help with mass production.
By mid-1920s, high tariffs and crop surpluses hurt crop prices.
Reliance on bank loans and over-production trap farmers in debt.

Question 14

*Gay and Lesbian Americans in the 1920s

Answer 14

Bars and dance halls for “transvestism” and “gay crowds” hidden away with speakeasies.
Tolerance of homosexuality in the underground scene.
Understood popularly as a psychological disease.
Police crackdown on underground bars and clubs arresting gay men and women.

Question 15

*The Harlem Renaissance

Answer 15

the Harlem Renaissance was about expressing the African American experience through art.
Books, Music, Art, and Poetry
Reaction to White Racism
Louis Armstrong, Langston Hughes, and Bessie “Ma” Smith

Question 16

*Speakeasies and their Significance

Answer 16

Speakeasies in the cities; moonshine in rural areas.
Speakeasies ranged from elaborate ballrooms to underground basements.
Required passwords or membership cards.
Paid off police officers and hired guards.
Gender and racial boundaries break down in speakeasies.

Question 17

*Urban Life in the 1920s

Answer 17

More electrified cities and homes.
Modern cities are developed with skyscrapers, cars, highways, and public services.

Question 18

Changing Gender Roles in the 1920s/ “New Woman” of the 1920s

Answer 18

Greater freedom from traditional Victorian norms.
Feminists empower women to find fulfillment in their lives.
Makeup’s growing acceptance, changes in clothes, greater freedom in dating, etc.
Sex became less taboo with widespread acceptance and usage of “the pill.”
Greater emphasis on sexual satisfaction for both partners.

Question 19

*Causes of the Great Depression

Answer 19

Stock Market Crash of 1929
Bank Failures
Overproduction of Manufactured Goods
Raised Interest Rates and a Tight Money Policy
Drought Conditions and Low Crop Prices for Farmers

Question 20

*Significance of The First Fireside Chat: On the Banking Crisis (1933)

Answer 20

chats to america through the radio from fdr that gave hope

Question 21

*The Social Security Act (1935)

Answer 21

Drafted by Frances Perkins and inspired by the Progressive era social-welfare programs.
Established an old age pension, unemployment insurance, survivor’s benefits, aid for disabled persons and dependent mothers.
Taxed employees’ paychecks to fund the program.

Question 22

FDR and the Supreme Court/Court-Packing Plan

Answer 22

fdr proposed a plan to add a new justice for every one of 70, got a ton of critisicm

Question 23

Roosevelt Coalition and the Election of 1936

Answer 23

Kansas Gov. Alfred Landon v. FDR
Landslide reelection showed the popularity of the New Deal.
Growth of the Roosevelt Coalition: Northern Cities, Immigrants, Southern Farmers, Labor Unions, Racial and Religious Minorities, Poor, and Intellectuals

Question 24

Escapism v. Realism in Pop Culture during the 1930s

Answer 24

escapsim told stories to get away from reality while realism told about things happening

Question 25

The Wagner Act of 1935

Answer 25

Guaranteed workers the right to bargain with their employers.
Prohibited employers from firing workers after a strike.
Created the National Labor Relations Board.

Question 26

Farmers in the 1930s and the Dust Bowl

Question 27

Reforms/Legislation on Banks

Answer 27

Congress created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
The Glass-Steagall Act (1933)
Established two new loan agencies.

Question 28

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Answer 28

Works Progress Administration (WPA)- Created public works projects nationwide.

Question 29

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Answer 29

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)- Employed jobless youth in government nature projects.

Question 30

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

Answer 30

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)- Payments to farmers to stop planting crops and slaughter livestock.

Question 31

Federal Securities Act of 1933

Answer 31

Federal Securities Act of 1933- Regulated the stock market by requiring companies to fully inform the government of stock offerings.

Question 32

Eleanor Roosevelt

Answer 32

Had regular press conferences with only female journalists, wrote a regular advice column, and had a regular radio program.
Advocated for women’s rights, civil rights, and worker’s rights.

Question 33

German American Bund and Nazism in the United States

Answer 33

Racial-superiority ideas already in place throughout the entire country.
Rise of anti-immigrant ideas and anti-Semitism.
Nazi-supporting organizations in the United States emerge.
Ideas fade into the shadows as war becomes more inevitable.

Question 34

The War Production Board

Answer 34

Roosevelt creates the War Production Board to limit the amount of consumer goods produced.

Question 35

A. Philip Randolph and the March on Washington

Answer 35

racial equality

Question 36

Double V for Victory Campaign

Answer 36

“colored Americans adopt the double VV for a double victory.” Black soldiers would fight fascism on the battlefield—and African Americans would fight racial discrimination in the United States.

Question 37

Japanese Americans and Internment Camps; “Yellow Peril”

Answer 37

Yellow Peril”
February 1942- Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066.
75,000 Japanese Americans Interned at Guarded Camps
Japanese Americans in armed service.

Question 38

Good Neighbor Policy of the 1930s

Answer 38

Policy: renouncing any nation’s right to intervene in the affairs of another.
Removal of troops from Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
Termination of the Platt Amendment of Cuba
Growing isolationist mood by Americans as they see a world engulfed in conflict.

Question 39

D-Day Invasion

Answer 39

largest assembly of troops ever to take france from nazis

Question 40

Containment Policy

Answer 40

contain communism

Question 41

Berlin Airlift

Answer 41

when berlin was split between soviets and us and soviets blockaded berlin, us sent supplies thru air

Question 42

Chiang Kai-Shek and Mao Zedong

Answer 42

ationalist government led by Chiang Kai-Shek v. Communist government led by Mao Zedong
China falls to Mao, but Taiwan is created for the fleeing Nationalists in 1949.

Question 43

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Answer 43

couple killed for being exposed as soviet spys of atomic energy

Question 44

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAAC)

Answer 44

House Un-American Activities Committee (1947):
Main goal was to investigate and expose communist influences in American life.
Alger Hiss and Whittaker Chamber Controversy (1948)
Hollywood Blacklist

Question 45

McCarthyism and Its Targets

Answer 45

wanted to investigate gays, radicals, and other prominent officals

Question 46

Election of 1948

Answer 46

Republicans nominate moderate Thomas E. Dewey.
African American activists win key victories and pressure Truman.
Truman angered Southerners by desegregating the military, supporting anti-lynching legislation and anti-poll tax bills.

truman still wins in upset

Question 47

Hollywood 10

Answer 47

hollywood actors called to testify, 10 refused and eere blacklisted

Question 48

truman doctrine

Answer 48

Financially supporting the Greek Democratic Government.
Creation of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Question 49

The Fair Deal

Answer 49

Truman promotes liberalism with his Fair Deal.
Republicans control Congress in 1947
With an increase in economic activity, many union strikes break out for higher wages and benefits.
Truman vetoes the Taft-Hartley Act
Truman increased the minimum wage, protected Social Security, and built low-income housing.

Question 50

Korean War Origins and Aftermath

Answer 50

The Soviet Union and the U.S. divided up the Korean Peninsula during the remainder of World War II.
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the North.
Republic of Korea in the South.
June 1950- North Korean troops invaded South Korea.
U.S. and U.N. coalition push back the North Koreans.General Douglas MacArthur leads U.N. coalition and invades North Korea.
China, fearing an invasion, sends troops to repel coalition.
Troops routed back into South Korea in an embarrassing defeat.
As a stalemate takes hold, MacArthur publicly denounces Truman.

Question 51

Dwight Eisenhower and the Domino Theory

Answer 51

thought communism was like dominos
eisenhower was a good political middle ground