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Forensics > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Bill Bass

A

Insects, body farm, decomp)

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2
Q

Steve Symes

A

Dismemberment

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3
Q

Wilton Krogman

A

Teeth

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4
Q

Mildred Trotter

A

Stature formula

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5
Q

Bill Rodriguez

A

Body identification

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6
Q

P. Wiley

A

Osteology lab

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7
Q

J. L. Angel

A

Discovered you can tell how many babies a woman has had

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8
Q

Dolichocephalic

A

Skinny and taller
W/L = less than 75% (female) or 65% (male)

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9
Q

Mesocephalic

A

In between

W/L = 75-80% (female) or 65-75% (male)

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10
Q

Brachycephalic

A

Wide and round

W/L = greater than 80% (female) or 75% (male)

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11
Q

Examples of human variation

A

Polydactyly (6 fingers)
Syndactyly (webbed toes or fingers)
Morton’s toe
Mid-digital hair
Hitchhiker’s thumb
Darwin’s tubercle (fold on ear)
Synophrys (unsubtle)
Cilantro taste
Dimples
Tongue curl, roll, flip, clover

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12
Q

Indo-European

A

Longer nasal bone
Rougher bones
Square eye sockets
Face angle points toward body

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13
Q

Asian or Native American

A

Face angle straight
Nasal bone not long or curved
Pencil test — face doesn’t “fall back”

Native only:
Shovel-shaped incisors
Wormian bones (suture islands)

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14
Q

Sub-Saharan African

A

Bigger nasal opening, flows into maxilla
Hook inside jaw
Prognathism (jaw sticks out)
Angle of the face points away
Curved or pinched nasal bone

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15
Q

Male

A

Square chin
Flared jaw bone
Bigger teeth
Rougher bones (from muscles)
bigger nasal passage
Zygomatic bone extends past ear hole
Curved sacrum
Acute pubic arch
Acute sciatic notch
Tall and narrow hips
Bigger head
Broader shoulders
Bigger ribs
Longer sternum
Prominent brow ridge

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16
Q

Female

A

Pointed chin
Smoother bones
Sharp eye sockets (supraorbital margin)
Flat sacrum
Obtuse pelvic arch
Obtuse sciatic notch
Wider hips
Angled femurs (more knee problems)

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17
Q

What bones indicate age?

A

Sutures in the skull disappear with age
Collar bone doesn’t ossify until 27-28
Bones are lighter when old
Presence of arthritis
Pubis symphysis (marks in the pelvis from childbirth)
Teeth (baby teeth don’t have roots)
Vertebrae disks get thinner and sometimes fuse

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18
Q

What are the four types of bones?

A

Long — femur, tibia, humerus, radius, ulna
Short — clavicle, fingers, toes, hands and feet
Flat — scapula (shoulder blade), innominate (hip) ribs and sternum
Irregular — carpals (wrist) tarsals (ankle), patella, vertebrae

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19
Q

What info can we learn from examining skeletal material?

A

Age, sex, ancestry, diseases, burned or not, muscle marks, trauma

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20
Q

Content of the entomology video

A
  • German priest murdered his wife. Her body was found in the woods.
  • Doctor murdered his wife and the maid. Their bodies were found cut up , wrapped in newspaper, under a bridge.
21
Q

How did insects help the investigators solve both cases?

A
  • Investigators found crushed ants on the priest’s boots, a type of ant found only in near rotting wood, like where his wife was found.
  • investigators used the maggots to figure out the time-of-death window, which was right when the women went missing and the Doctor started behaving very strangely.
22
Q

How do experts determine time of death based on insect activity?

A
  • size and species of the maggots
  • blowflies and bluebottles first, then beetles
23
Q

The factors that can affect insect activity

A

Warm vs cool weather — growing slows in the cold and speeds up in the heat. Flies don’t fly below 52º

Sun vs shade — bugs hate the sun, they’ll crawl inside the body

Rain/snow — makes skin leathery and harder for bugs to get into

Exposure to toxins — cocaine makes maggots grow faster, some drugs slow them down

24
Q

Indiana State Crime Labs

A
  • Indy, Lowell, Fort Wayne, Evansville
  • biology/DNA into
  • firearms identification unit
  • latent print identification unit (fingers, shoes and tires)
  • drug analysis unit
    Forensics document unit (Indy only)
    Micro analysis unit (Indy only)
25
Q

Why is drug analysis performed?

A

To make sure it’s not a lookalike — for sentencing (charges are determined by weight) and maggots

26
Q

FTIR

A

Infrared, vibrates the molecules on a readable graph. Graphs are then compared to known drug graphs

27
Q

UV Vis

A

UV violet light, same deal pretty sure just without the graph

28
Q

Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry

A

Taking a sample of a drug, making it a gas, and identifying the elements

29
Q

Classes of drugs

A
  1. Narcotics
  2. Stimulants
  3. Hallucinogens
  4. Depressants, Hypnotics, tranquilizers
  5. Performance enhancing
  6. Club drugs
30
Q

Schedule 1

A

Drugs with no medical use and high potential for abuse

31
Q

Schedule 2

A

Drugs with some medical use and high abuse potential

32
Q

Schedule 3

A

Drugs with medical use and less abuse potential than 1 and 2

33
Q

Schedule 4

A

Drugs with low abuse potential and considerable medical use

34
Q

Schedule 5

A

“Exempt preparations” — drugs that contain at least one ingredient from the higher schedules in a small amount in combination of other ingredients of larger amounts

35
Q

Heroin

A

Schedule 1 narcotic

36
Q

LSD

A

Schedule 1 hallucinogen

37
Q

Morphine

A

Schedule 2 narcotic

38
Q

Codeine

A

Schedule 3 narcotic

39
Q

Meth

A

Schedule 1 stimulant

40
Q

Cocaine

A

Schedule 2 stimulant

41
Q

THC

A

Schedule _ hallucinogen

42
Q

Marijuana

A

Schedule _ hallucinogen (?)

43
Q

PCP

A

Schedule _ hallucinogen

44
Q

Alcohol

A

Schedule _ depressant

45
Q

Barbiturates

A

Schedule _ depressant

46
Q

MDMA

A

Schedule _ club drug

47
Q

GHB

A

Schedule _ club drug

48
Q

Ketamine

A

Schedule _ club drug

49
Q

Anabolic steroids

A

Schedule 3 performance enhancers

Forensics (3 decks)

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