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Forensics > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Float glass

A

Made by heating soda like glass while it floats on molten tin

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2
Q

Soda-lime glass

A

Fused silica
High melting point
Not for glass blowing, difficult to work with
Windows, light bulbs

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3
Q

Borosilicate

A

Silica + 5% boric oxide
Resistant to rapid temperature changes
Pyrex dishes, lab ware, thermometers, cookware, sealed-beam headlights

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4
Q

Tempered glass

A

Made with rapid heating and cooling to strengthen
Shatters into cubes
Car side windows, shower doors, phone screens, low windows

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5
Q

Laminated glass

A

Sheet of plastic sandwiched by glass
Car windshields

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6
Q

Transition lens glass

A

Contains particles of silver halide
Oxidation reduction reaction
Lightens or darkens with exposure to UV light

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7
Q

Crystalline solid

A

Structured molecules

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8
Q

Amorphous solid

A

Unstructured molecules
Looks like a solid
Acts like a liquid

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9
Q

Annealing

A

Slow cooling of glass so it doesn’t break

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10
Q

Concentric fracture

A

Fracture pattern where there are concentric circles around the hole

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11
Q

Radial fracture

A

The crack lines emanating from the center of the bullet hole in glass

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12
Q

Refraction

A

How a substance bends light — how fast light travels through the substance

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13
Q

Refractive index

A

How fast light travels though a material and that materials ability to bend the light
The known numbers of different substance’s refraction

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14
Q

Immersion method

A

Submerging glass into different oils with known refractive indexes and determining the refractive index of the glass based on that

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15
Q

Relief

A

The degree to which a mineral grain(s) appear to stand out from the mounting material
Strong: mineral stands out strongly from the oil
Moderate relief: mineral is still visible but less so
Low: mineral is basically invisible

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16
Q

Becke Line

A

Halo on the inside/outside edge of the glass
Wherever the halo is, that’s the substance with the higher index

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17
Q

Flax

A

Plant fiber
Oldest cultivated
Linen

18
Q

Cotton

A

Plant
Most prevalent

19
Q

Jupe

A

Plant
2nd most important (burlap)

20
Q

Hemp

A

Plant
Source of 1st paper

21
Q

Silk

A

Animal
Silkworm or spider

22
Q

Rayon

A

Manufactured
Artificial [natural+chemical]
1st artificial fiber from wood
Most common artificial fiber

23
Q

Acetate

A

Artificial from wood
Satin

24
Q

Nylon

A

1st synthetic fiber [just chemicals]
The one we saw in that video

25
Q

Acrylic

A

Synthetic wool

26
Q

Polyester

A

Most common synthetic fiber

27
Q

How do you differentiate between natural and synthetic fibers?

A

Burn them.
Natural: ash
Synthetic: melts

28
Q

Plasma

A

Mostly water
Contains blood clotting elements

29
Q

3 types of formed elements in blood

A

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

30
Q

Antigen

A

Markers on cell surface
Triggers immune response

31
Q

Antibody

A

Found in the serum
A protein that destroys/inactivates a specific antigen (clots blood)

32
Q

Blood types

A

Type A (anti-B antibodies)
Type B (anti-A antibodies)
Type AB (no antibodies)
Type O (both antibodies)

33
Q

Agglutination

A

Clumping or clotting of the blood due to the antibodies binding to the antigens on RBCs

34
Q

Universal donor

A

Type O

35
Q

Universal recipient

A

Type AB

36
Q

Blood spatter

A

Blood drops form different shapes depending on…
- height it came from
- velocity
- angle of impact
- type of surface it hits

37
Q

Area of convergence

A

Where the blood spatter originated from

38
Q

Angle of impact

A

Angle at which a blood drop strikes a surface

39
Q

Factors that affect blood spatter

A
  • speed (faster—larger diameter)
  • height (higher—larger diameter)
  • volume (depends on the object blood originated from. Needle—small, baseball bat—large)
40
Q

Refractive index formulas

A

Snell’s law: N1sin∆1=N2sin∆2
N1: 1st refractive index
N2: 2nd refractive index
∆1: angle of incidence
∆2: refractive angle

Index of refraction: N=C/V

41
Q

Angle of impact calculation

A

Impact angle X = sin-1 width/length

Forensics (3 decks)

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