Exam 3 Flashcards
Occipitofrontalis m. (frontal belly)
Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead
Occipitofrontalis m (occipital belly)
Retracts scalp
Orbicularis oculi m.
Closes eye, produces winking, blinking, squinting
Nasalis m.
Compresses bridge and depresses tip of nose
Procerus m.
Moves and wrinkles nose
Depressor anguli oris m.
Moves corners of mouth inferiorly and laterally (frowning muscles)
Depressor labii inferios m.
Moves lower lip inferiorly
Levator anguli oris m.
Moves corner of mouth superiorly and laterally
Levator labii superioris
“Opens lips
Raises and furrows the upper lip (‘Elvis lip snarl’) “
Mentalis m.
Protrudes lower lip (‘pouting’ muscle)
Orbicularis oris
Compresses and purses lips (‘kissing’ muscle)
Platysma m.
Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tenses skin of neck
Risorius
Moves corners of lips laterally
Zygomaticus major m.
Elevates corners of mouth (‘smile’)
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Edge of mouth
Zygomaticus minor m.
Elevates corners of mouth (‘smile’)
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Superior lip
Buccinator m.
Compress check
Origin: mandible and maxillae
Insertion: Orbicularis oris m.
Masseter m
Elevates and protracts mandible
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Ramus and angle of mandible
Temporalis m.
Elevates and retracts mandible
Origin: Parietal bone
Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible
Flexion
bending movement that decreases angle between 2 parts
Extension
bending movement that increases angle between two parts
Adduction
motion that pulls structure or part toward midline of body or towards midline of limb
Abduction
motion that pulls structure or part away from midline of body or away from midline of limb
Elevation
movement in superior direction
Depression
movement in inferior direction
Rotation
moving or turning of body around its axis
Pronation
rotates forearm inward
Supination
rotates forearm outward
Dorsiflexion
lifts foot upward
Plantarflexion
pushes foot into ground
Protraction
posterior movement of body part from anatomical position
*Mylohyoid
Elevates hyoid bone and elevates floor of mouth
Origin: mandible
Insertion: Hyoid bone
*Digastric
Depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone
*Omohyoid
Depresses hyoid
Origin: scapula
Insertion: hyoid
*Sternohyoid
Depresses hyoid bone
Origin: manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Hyoid
Thyrohyoid
Depresses hyoid bone and elevates larynx
Splenius capitis
Extends neck
Levator scapulae
Elevates scapula and rotates
Sternocleidomastoid m. (clavicular head)
Flexes neck (bilateral action); Lateral flexion and rotation of neck
Origin: Clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone and occipital bone
Sternocleidomastoid m. (sternal head)
Flexes neck (bilateral action); Lateral flexion and rotation of neck
Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone and occipital bone
Scalene
Flexes neck;elevates ribs during forces inspiration
Superior Rectus
Action: look superiorly
Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: superior region of eye
Inferior rectus
Action: look inferiorly
Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: inferior region of eye
Medial rectus
Action: look medially
Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: medial region of eye
Lateral rectus
Action: look laterally
Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: lateral region of eye
Superior oblique
Looks inferiorly and laterally, top of eye rotates medially
Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: Lateral region of eye
Inferior oblique
Looks superiorly and laterally, bottom of eye rotates medially
Origin: Maxilla
Insertion: Lateral region of eye
Genioglossus
protracts tongue
Hyoglossus
Depresses & retracts tongue
Palatoglossus
Elevates tongue
Styloglossus
Elevates & retracts tongue
Pharyngeal constrictor
Constricts pharaynx
Levator veli palatini
Elevates soft palate when swallowing
Tensor veli palatini
Tenses soft palate when swallowing
External intercostal
Elevates ribs
Origin: Inferior border of superior rib
Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib
External oblique
Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen (bilateral action); lateral flexion and rotation of vertebral column (unilateral action)
Origin: Ribs 5-12
Insertion: Linea alba
Internal intercostal
Depresses ribs
Origin: Superior border of inferior ribs
Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib
Internal oblique
Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen (bilateral action); lateral flexion and rotation of vertebral column (unilateral action)
Pectoralis major
Flexes arm
Adducts arm
Medial rotation of arm
Origin: Clavicle, Ribs, Sternum
Insertion: Humerus
Pectoralis minor
Protraction/abduction of scapula
depresses scapula
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Ribs
Rectus abdominis
Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall
Origin: Xiphoid process of sternum, Ribs 5-7
Insertion: Pubis
Serratus anterior
Protraction of scapula
Transverse abdominis
Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen (bilateral action); lateral flexion and rotation of vertebral column (unilateral action)
Linea alba
Vertical fibrous strip that connects left and right rectus sheaths
Rectus sheath
Fibrous sleeve that encloses rectus abdominis
Layers
External oblique -> Internal oblique and rectus abdominis -> transverse abdominis
Biceps brachii (short head)
Flexion and supination of forearm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius
Biceps brachii (long head)
Flexion and supination of forearm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius
Trapezius
Elevate, depress, retract scapula
Origin: occipital bone & spinous processes C7-T12
Insertion: Clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
Deltoid
Abduction of arm
Origin: Acromial end of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Pectoralis major
Flexes, adducts, medial rotation of arm
Origin: Clavicle, ribs, sternum
Insertion: Humerus
Latissimus dorsi
Extends, adducts, medial rotation of arm
Coracobrachialis
Flexion and adduction of arm
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Subclavius
Depress clavicle
Origin: 1st rib
Insertion: Clavicle
Subscapularis
Medial rotation of arm
Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Pectoralis minor
Protraction/abduction, depresses scapula
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Ribs
Teres minor
Adduction & lateral rotation of arm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: humerus
Teres major
Extension, adduction, medial rotation of arm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Rhomboid minor
Elevates and retracts scapula
Origin: Spinous process of vertebrae
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Rhomboid minor
Elevates and retracts scapula
Origin: Spinous process of vertebrae
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Supraspinatus
Abduction of arm
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus
Lateral rotation of arm
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Serratus posterior
Elevates and depresses ribs during forced inspiration/expiration
Triceps brachii (long head)
Extension of forearm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
Triceps brachii (lateral head)
Extension of forearm
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
Triceps brachii (medial head)
Extension of forearm
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
Erector spinae
Extends vertebral column (bilateral); lateral flexion of vertebral column (unilateral)
Semispinalitis capitis
Extends vertebral column (bilateral); lateral flexion of vertebral column (unilateral)
