Exam 3

Question 1

This War Department office, created in 1863 under General Order No. 143, was responsible for recruiting and organizing regiments composed of African Americans in the Union Army.

Answer 1

Bureau of Colored Troops

Question 2

These were groups of northerners, often abolitionists, who went into the South during the Civil War and worked with freed slaves.

Answer 2

Benevolent Societies

Question 3

These were a series of riots that broke out in the South in 1863. Led mostly by women, these riots protested the high prices caused by rampant inflation, especially for food products.

Answer 3

Bread Riots

Question 4

This was the location where Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865.

Answer 4

Appomattox Court House

Question 5

These were laws passed by southern states in 1865 and 1866 that sought to secure white supremacy in the South by keeping former slaves in a legal status below that of full citizens.

Answer 5

Black Codes

Question 6

This act, placed into law by the Union in 1863, allowed the federal government to draft men into federal service.

Answer 6

Conscription Act

Question 7

These were Democrats in the North who were vocal critics of the Union’s Civil War policies and Abraham Lincoln

Answer 7

Copperhead Democrats

Question 8

This was a heavily armed naval vessel build in secret by the British for the Confederacy. However, after the losses at Vicksburg and Gettysburg, the British lost confidence in the ability of the Confederacy to win and never delivered the ship.

Answer 8

CSS Alabama

Question 9

These were northerners who went down to the South during Reconstruction to take advantage of various opportunities such as claiming abandoned Confederate land or running for political office since they had the qualification of never having supported the Confederacy.

Answer 9

Carpetbaggers

Question 10

This was a Union fortification on a peninsula in Virginia that remained under Union control during the Civil War. It was also the site one the first and largest contraband camps composed of freed slaves.

Answer 10

Fortress Monroe

Question 11

This was an office within the War Department, established in 1865, that was to assist freed slaves with the transition from slavery to freedom.

Answer 11

Freedmen’s Bureau

Question 12

This order, issued in 1863, created the Bureau of Colored Troops in the War Department and authorized the creation of African American regiments in the Union Army.

Answer 12

General Order No. 143

Question 13

This act, passed in 1863, allowed the Union to hold suspected Confederates in prison without charging them with any crime for indefinite period.

Answer 13

Habeas Corpus Suspension Act

Question 14

This 1863 act by the Confederate Congress allowed the Confederate government to take any property it desired from Confederate citizens for the war effort.

Answer 14

Impressment Act

Question 15

This was a congressional committee composed of members from both the House of Representatives and the Senate that was formed in December 1865 to investigate President Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction policies. It laid the foundation for Congress taking over Reconstruction.

Answer 15

Joint Committee on Reconstruction

Question 16

This was a white terrorist organization, first formed in 1866, that brutalized African American populations in the South during Reconstruction to keep them from voting and participating in southern political society.

Answer 16

Ku Klux Klan

Question 17

This act, passed by the Union Congress in 1863 and amended in 1864, created a system of national banks and stable currency that allowed the Union to finance the war effort.

Answer 17

National Banking Act

Question 18

This man was the leader of France during the Civil War. He wanted to extend recognition to the Confederacy, but he would not do so unless Britain did the same. The Confederate losses at Vicksburg and Gettysburg ended any hope in either country recognizing the Confederacy.

Answer 18

Napoleon III

Question 19

These were a series of riots against the Union draft in New York City in July 1863.

Answer 19

New York City Draft Riots

Question 20

This was a coalition of Republicans and War Democrats that ran Lincoln as their candidate in the 1864 election.

Answer 20

National Union Party

Question 21

This was a Confederate charge on July 3rd at the Battle of Gettysburg in which 5,000 Confederate soldiers charged the Union line by crossing a wheat field. However, the Union line held, and roughly half of the Confederate soldiers were killed or wounded.

Answer 21

Pickett’s Charge

Question 22

This was one of many Confederate guerrilla bands that worked behind Union lines to upset the Union war effort. Jesse James belonged to this band.

Answer 22

Quantrill’s Raiders

Question 23

This was the faction of the Republican Party most closely associated with the abolitionist movement and the faction that oversaw Congressional Reconstruction after 1867. Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens were the principal leaders in Congress

Answer 23

Radical Republicans

Question 24

This was a Union advance through Georgia in 1864 that blazed a trail of destruction and sought to destroy the South’s ability to conduct the war. It was led by Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman.

Answer 24

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Question 25

Also known as the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign, this was longest military operation of the Civil War, lasting from June 1864 to March 1865. The Confederates had built and extensive set of fortifications and defensive lines more than thirty miles in length between Richmond and Petersburg.

Answer 25

Siege of Petersburg

Question 26

These were white southerners who worked with northern Republicans during Reconstruction. Often, they were southern Unionists during the Civil War.

Answer 26

Scalawags

Question 27

This was system that emerged during Reconstruction whereby predominantly white land owners would subdivide their fields among African American families who would then grow cotton and other crops and pay their rent by giving the land owner a share of what was grown.

Answer 27

Sharecropping

Question 28

These were white southern Democrats, who, throughout the 1870s, slowly wrested power away from the Republican Party in the South.

Answer 28

Redeemers

Question 29

This was a law, passed by the Confederate Congress in 1862, that granted draft exemptions for those citizens with at least twenty slaves.

Answer 29

Twenty Negro Law

Question 30

This amendment was ratified in December 1865 and officially ended slavery in all states.

Answer 30

Thirteenth Amendment

Question 31

This bill was passed in August 1864 by the Congress, but Lincoln never signed it into law. It imposed much stricture stipulations on former Confederate states and put the responsibility for Reconstruction on the Congress, not the president.

Answer 31

Wade-Davis Bill

Question 32

These were northern Democrats who supported Union policies during the Civil War.

Answer 32

War Democrats