Exam 2

Question 1

This was a church founded by the Rev. Richard Allen of Philadelphia in 1816, and it became one of the largest African-American churches in the United States.

Answer 1

African Methodist Episcopal

Question 2

These were Confederate merchant vessels that evaded the Union blockade of the South, particularly during 1861 and 1862.

Answer 2

Blockade Runners

Question 3

This was one of the first truly bloody battles of the war fought in southern Tennessee with a total of 23,000 casualties on both sides.

Answer 3

Battle of Shiloh

Question 4

This was originally called the Opposition Party when it was created in 1858 and morphed into this new party by 1860. It ran John Bell of Tennessee, and it sought to find a compromise to the issue of slavery. Thus, it continued in the tradition of Henry Clay, and it was most popular in the border states.

Answer 4

Constitutional Union Party

Question 5

These were southerners (more common in the Upper South than the Deep South) who did not want to secede from the Union immediately. Instead, they wanted to first wait to see what policies Lincoln might enact and then decide

Answer 5

Conditional Unionists

Question 6

These were resolutions introduced into the House of Representatives by John Crittenden and in the Senate by Andrew Johnson that said the purpose of the war was to preserve the Union and not the destruction of slavery

Answer 6

Crittenden-Johnson Resolutions

Question 7

These were acts, passed in 1861 and 1862, that allowed the Union to liberate the slaves of slave owners in the Confederate states. These acts were based on the logic that slaves were property that could be used against the Union war effor

Answer 7

Confiscation Acts

Question 8

This was a term used to describe runaway slaves who supported the Union army

Answer 8

Contraband

Question 9

This document, signed by President Abraham Lincoln in September 1862, declared that all slaves in the states that composed the Confederacy would be free on January 1, 1863.

Answer 9

Emancipation Proclamation

Question 10

This was a doctrine promulgated by Stephen Douglas during the Lincoln-Douglas debates. Douglas confirmed his commitment to popular sovereignty, including the right to halt the spread of slavery, despite the 1857 Dred Scott decision affirming slaveholders’ right to bring their property wherever they wished

Answer 10

Freeport Doctrine

Question 11

This man was an escaped slave from Maryland who taught himself to read and write. He escaped to the North and freedom and, in 1827, began publishing the anti-slavery newspaper The North Star

Answer 11

Frederick Douglass

Question 12

This was federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina that became the site of the first battle of the Civil War in 1861

Answer 12

Fort Sumter

Question 13

These were hardcore members of the early Confederate States of America who, especially before the Battle of Fort Sumter, refused any and all peace overtures from the North and were eager to start the war to get the Upper South to join the Confederacy

Answer 13

Fire Eaters

Question 14

This was the first significant battle between the Union and the Confederacy in July 1861.

Answer 14

First Battle of Bull Run

Question 15

These two undermanned Confederate forts commanded access to the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers, respectively. Union forces under Gen. Ulysses S. Grant conquered both in February 1862.

Answer 15

Forts Henry and Donelson

Question 16

This was fiat money, issued on paper by the Union, during the Civil War. It had value because the federal government said it had value, and it relieved the financial crisis the Union faced

Answer 16

Greenbacks

Question 17

This was the site of a federal arsenal in Virginia (now part of West Virginia), where, in 1859, John Brown and other abolitionists tried to take over the weapons in order to start a slave insurrection. The raid failed miserably, and Brown was executed.

Answer 17

Harpers Ferry

Question 18

This man was a fanatical abolitionist who led the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas Territory in 1854 and the raid on the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry in 1859.

Answer 18

John Brown

Question 19

This man was the president of the Confederacy from its creation in 1861 to its demise in 1865.

Answer 19

Jefferson Davis

Question 20

These were the slaves that remained in the Union during the Civil War: Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri.

Answer 20

Loyal Slave States

Question 21

These were two iron-clad vessels, one Union and one Confederate, that fought to a draw in March 1862 near Hampton Roads, Virginia. While this battle was inconclusive, it revolutionized naval warfare and signaled the shift from wooden vessels powered by sail to armored vessels made of iron and steel.

Answer 21

Monitor and Merrimack

Question 22

This act, passed in 1862, authorized the recruitment of African Americans, whether free blacks or slaves, into the Union army

Answer 22

Militia Act

Question 23

This was an excellent, large, deep-water port in South Carolina that was seized early in the war by the Union and was home to the U.S. Navy’s South Atlantic Squadron.

Answer 23

Port Royal

Question 24

This was an evangelical religious movement that generally spread from New York into the Great Lakes and the Mississippi Valley from the 1820s to the 1860s and spawned a variety of related movements such as temperance and abolitionism.

Answer 24

Second Great Awakening

Question 25

This is the act of a state leaving the federal union, something southern states believed was legal, and something Republicans in the North believed was unconstitutional since there was no constitutional provision for it.

Answer 25

Secession

Question 26

This was the strategy of the Confederacy to bring Britain and possibly France into an alliance by the threat of withholding cotton from them. It did not work due to a glut of cotton on the market, new cotton-growing regions like Egypt and India, and the fact neither Britain and France was interested in supporting a war to preserve slavery

Answer 26

King Cotton Diplomacy

Question 27

This was a Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River that fell to the Union forces under Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in 1863.

Answer 27

Vicksburg