Exam 3

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

CO2 and O2 gas exchange occurs

Question 2

epiglottis

Answer 2

elastic cartilage “flap” that prevents food from entering the respiratory tract

Question 3

inspiration

Answer 3

active process

Question 4

expiration

Answer 4

passive process

Question 5

tidal volume

Answer 5

500 ml (.5 L) of air inhaled or exhaled under resting conditions

Question 6

larynx

Answer 6

voice box

true & false vocal cords, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage

Question 7

trachea

Answer 7

windpipe

Question 8

where is the cardiac notch found?

Answer 8

only in the left lung

Question 9

spirometer

Answer 9

apparatus used to measure respiratory volumes

Question 10

normal blood ph

Answer 10

7.35 - 7.45

Question 11

nephron

Answer 11

functional unit of the kidney

Question 12

afferent arterioles

Answer 12

“feeds” or supplies blood to the glomerulus

renal artery

Question 13

efferent arterioles

Answer 13

“drains” blood from glomerulus

renal vein

Question 14

glomerulus

Answer 14

tuff of capillaries responsible for filtration

Question 15

renal corpuscle

Answer 15

glomerulus + Bowman’s capsule

Question 16

loop of Henle

Answer 16

located in the medulla of the kidney

establishes medullary osmotic (osmosis) gradient [water moves in]

Question 17

ureters

Answer 17

transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 18

kidney stones

Answer 18

aka renal caliculi

Question 19

pathway of urine leaving the bladder

Answer 19

1 minor calyx
2 major calyx
3 renal pelvis
4 ureter
5 bladder
6 urethra

Question 20

urethra

Answer 20

transports urine from the bladder out of the body

Question 21

typical color of urine

Answer 21

yellow

Question 22

name the 3 processes involved in urine formation

Answer 22

1 glomerular filtration
2 tubular reabsorption
3 tubular secretion

Question 23

peristalsis

Answer 23

rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle that move food through the digestive tract

Question 24

pharynx

Answer 24

area where nasal and oral cavities join

Question 25

bolus

Answer 25

mass of food that is swallowed

Question 26

chyme

Answer 26

food leaving the stomach that enters the small intestine

Question 27

hydrochloric acid (HCI)

Answer 27

acid found in the stomach

Question 28

parietal cells

Answer 28

cells of the stomach that produce HCI

Question 29

chief cells

Answer 29

cells of the stomach that produce pepsinogen

Question 30

pepsinogen + HCI =

Answer 30

pepsin

Question 31

pepsin

Answer 31

enzyme that helps break down the substrate PROTEIN

Question 32

salivary amylase

Answer 32

enzyme of the mouth that breaks down substrate amylose (starch)

Question 33

lipase

Answer 33

enzyme released from the pancreas which breaks down lipids (fats)

Question 34

goblet cells

Answer 34

produce mucus

Question 35

lesser omentum

Answer 35

mesentery that suspends the stomach to the liver

Question 36

greater omentum

Answer 36

mesentery that suspends the liver to the transverse colon