EXAM 3 Flashcards
identity theory
gain sense of belonging based on roles we see ourselves playing in group
more we commit to identity, more salient more want to invest
more group ID, less likely to bring up short term faults, care more about long term
social facilitation
when being watched we perform better on simple task and worse on complex
creates anxiety
explanations: more alert, evaluation apprehension, distraction
social loafing
presence of others relaxes us if we cannot be evaluated individually
improved performance on complex tasks
positive outcomes of latching to groups
belonging
collective esteem - loss of identity without aligning, we want a role
SE increase
4 tenets of social identity theory
- social categorization - quick and effortless
- category attenuation effect - exaggerate similarity to in group –> discrim
- social identification - adopt ingroup identity, favoritism –> discrim
- social comparison and positive distinctiveness - see our groups positive others neg
when group diffs made salient, disagreement
collective action
make a change in society
intergroup unrest
driven by relative deprivation
relative deprivation
collective action
feel like you or group disadvantage compared to others
egoistic - you feel deprived (blame on external)
fraternalistic - feel group deprived (assume deprivation based on diffs and injustice)
fraternalistic leads to greater action –> sharing ideals and group identity
ethnocentrism
apply one’s culture/identity as reference for others
realistic conflict theory
ethnocentrism produced when groups compete
contact between groups can help - realize diffs smaller and cooperation
minimal groups paradigm
minimal condition for intergroup biases is simply being a member of a group
even if group based on nothing
fast
we want success for own group even if arbitrary
robbers cave study
when strangers interact to achieve common goals, produce hierarchy
in groups compete
group diffs forgotten in cooperation
legitimizing myth
legitimizes negative attitude to group
justifies prejudice
zero sum thinking
if minority group members inc. in power, major feel like they lose power
authoritarianism
rule based ideology
correlated with racism
symbolic threat
realistic threat
belief that groups pose competitive threat
visible
social dominance orientation
symbolic threat
belief that group threatens values
authoritarianism
intergroup anxiety
threat
negative emotions or attitudes with outgroup interaction
negative contact that heightens neg attitude to group
social dominance orientation
extent that we value hierarchy
associated with authoritarianism
realistic threat - hierarchy in jeopardy
bias
all forms of preferential thinking/behaving to anyone based on group
prejudice (A), discrimination (B), stereotype (C)
stereotype
belief generalized to all group members created to feel good protects majority SE automatic more likely to be acted on legitimize prejudice cognitive toolbox model
cognitive toolbox model
stereotyping is functional process to improve cognitive efficiency
categorization is important for intelligence
prejudice
emotion directed at all members of group
majority and minority have better emotions towards majjority
discrimination
differential treatment of someone based on group
justification suppression model of prejudice
everyone has prejudice
goes through process of justification and suppression
more likely to express when justified
less likely when suppressed
