Exam 2 - Whole Grains Flashcards
Where does the definition of whole grain come from?
The Whole Grain Councol
What is a whole grain?
Whole grain foods must contain all three parts of a grain’s seed or kernel in the same proportions as they occur in nature. In other words, nothing has been removed.
Products are still considered whole if they contain the germ, bran, and endosperm.
What are the three parts of a whole grain seed?
- Bran (Hull)
- Endosperm
- Germ
What is the role of the bran?
It protects the seed from weather and pests
If a seed were to become pollinated, where would this occur?
It would occur at the germ.
What part of the grain seed contains fat?
Germ
What part of the grain seed contains CHO in the form of starch?
Endosperm
What part of the grain seen contains protein?
Endosperm
What part of the grain seed is typically the one that is processed and consumed? What are some of the missing nutrients?
The endosperm.
Fiber Phytochemicals Calcium Vitamin E Fats Antioxidants Folic Acid Thiamin Niacin Riboflavin Iron
What is the only missing nutrient in whole wheat?
Folic acid
What does it mean for a product to become enriched?
Enrichment- adding nutritive substances that were NATURALLY PRESENT in the food that were removed during processing.
When we enrich wheat, what do we add?
Thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, iron, calcium, and vitamin D.
What does it mean for a produce to become fortified?
Fortification- added nutritive substances that were NOT naturally present in food.
When we fortify wheat, what do we add?
Folic acid
What kind of nutrients are in the bran?
B vitamins
Minerals
PHYTOCHEMICALS
HIGH FIBER
What kind of nutrients are in the endosperm?
B vitamins
STARCH
PROTEIN
What ind of nutrients are in the bran?
B vitamins
Minerals
Phytochemicals
Vitamins E
HEALTHY FATS
ANTIOXIDANTS
How do you know if a product is whole grain? There are 4 ways.
- The first ingredient must state, “Whole wheat” or “whole Grain”
- If the product is made from oats or brown rice… the ingredients list does not need to say “whole”
- Whole Grain Stamp Program
- Whole Grain Health Claims
What are some common whole grain products that don’t need to say “whole”? (4)
- Rolled oats or steel cut oats.
- Brown Rice
- Popcorn
- Hulled Barley
Who created the whole grain stamp program?
The Whole Grains Council
What are the two types of whole grain stamps?
- Basic Stamp
2. 100% Stamp
How does a product obtain a Whole Grain Basic Stamp?
The product must contain AT LEAST 8g of whole grains/serving.
Which is 1/2 a serving of whole grains.
It can be used on products that contain some non-whole grain ingredients (i.e. extra bran or germ, refined flour)
How does a product obtain a Whole Grain 100% Stamp?
The product must contain AT LEAST 16g of whole grains/serving.
Which is 1 whole serving of whole grains.
All of the grain ingredients are whole grains.
What should a whole grain health claim state?
“Diets rich in whole grain foods and other plant foods, and low in saturated fat and cholesterol, may help reduce the risk of heart disease.”