Exam 2 - Fats/Oils Flashcards
Fats that are liquid at room temperature are called _________.
Oils
Fats that are solid at room temperature are called ________.
Fats
Is cholesterol a fat?
NO, it is not fat.
Describe cholesterol.
Cholesterol is a “fat-like” substance present in all body cells that is needed for essential body processes.
What is the function of cholesterol?
It contributes to the digestion of fat and the skin’s production of vitamin D.
Where is cholesterol produced?
It is synthesized in the LIVER
All animals have the ability to manufacture cholesterol.
How does cholesterol travel through the blood?
It is packed up into these chemicals called LIPOPROTEINS.
What are the two main types of lipoproteins?
LDL and HDL
LDL -> away from the liver, the bad kind
HDL -> toward the liver, the good kind
Fill in the blank:
For most people, the _________ and ________ of fats eaten have a ________ effect on blood cholesterol than does the cholesterol itself.
For most people, the AMOUNTS and TYPES of fats eaten have a GREATER effect on blood cholesterol than does the cholesterol itself.
Are fats made up of just one type of fatty acid?
No, they are made up of a mixture.
But most of the time, one fatty acid is present in a greater amount.
What are the three main types of fatty acid.
- Saturated
- Polyunsaturated
- Monounsaturated
Saturated FA results in…
_____ LDL
_____HDL
Saturated FA
RAISE LDL
RAISE HDL
What are some sources of saturated fats? (6)
- Meat/Animal Sources
- Poultry Skin
- Whole Milk and Dairy Products
- Butter
- Shortening
- Tropical Oils
Polyunsaturated FA results in…
_____ LDL
_____HDL
Polyunsaturated FA
LOWERS LDL
LOWERS HDL
What are some sources of PUFAs? (4)
- Vegetable Oils
- Corn Oil
- Soybean Oil
- Safflower Oil
Monounsaturated FA results in…
_____ LDL
_____ HDL
Monounsaturated FA
LOWERS LDL
RAISES HDL
Best one to have.
What are some sources of MUFAs? (6)
- Olives
- Olive Oil
- Avocados
- Canola Oil
- Peanuts
- Peanut Oil
Fats that are SOLID at room temperature are made up mainly of ________ fatty acids.
Saturated
Fats that are LIQUID at room temperature are made up mainly of ________ fatty acids.
Unsaturated
What is hydrogenation?
It is the process in which missing hydrogen atoms are added to an unsaturated fat to make it firmer in texture.
It turns liquid oil into solid fat.
After hydrogenating a fatty acid, what is the result?
This forms a new type of fatty acid called:
TRANS-FATTY ACID: “Man-made fat”
Trans fatty acids have many of the same properties as what other type of FA?
Saturated Fats
What is a function of fats that deals with vitamins?
The vitamins A, D, E, and K are the fat soluble vitamins.
They vitamins provide a reserve store of energy.
What are other functions of facts besides being stored through the fat-soluble vitamins? (6)
- Promotes healthy skin
- Promotes normal cell growth
- Acts like a cushion and heat regulator to protect your heart, liver, and other vital organs
- insulates your body
- Satisfies hunger and helps you feel full longer
- Adds flavor to food
What are high fat diets linked to? (4)
- Increased cholesterol
- Heart disease
- Obesity
- CV related problems.
