Exam 2 Week 7 Slides Flashcards
Skeletal System Roles
For…
1. Structural support
2. Linkage system for movement
3. Protection from impact
4. Calcium repository
5. Bone marrow gives rise to stem and blood cells
Two types of bone anatomy ARCHIETECTURE
- Trabecular (aka spongy) - the ends of long bones and vertebrae @ SPINE
- Cortical (compact) - the shafts of long bones or outer layer of most bones
Different CELL TYPES in bone
- Osteoblasts - forms new bone
- Osteoclasts - breaks down old bone
- Osteocytes and lining cells - Osteocytes are trapped inside the material they release, and they stay on the surface, connected to each other through tiny channels.
Skeletal Ligamenet [blank] across joints between bones
connects
Ligament Anatomy
Made up of:
COLLAGEN - It is bundled into fascicles and mostly algined with the long axis of ligaments
ELASTIN - provides elasticitiy
the amount of collagen vs elastin depends on type of ligament and location
PROTEOGLYCANS
WATER - 2/3 of weight, provides lubraction, nutrient delviery, and adds to ligament viscoelatcitiy
Tendon [blank] muscles to bone
connect
Tendon Anatomy
Made up of…
COLLGEN - also bundled into fibers that are bundled into fascicles. and wrapped with different membrances.
more blood vessels than ligaments
Less elastin than ligaments
Similar to ligament with
- proteoglycans
- water content
Cartilage Anatomy
Made up of…
Hyaline - most comman as articular surface of synovial joints
Elastic
Fibrocartialages
Cartilage ECM (extracelluar matrix) Composition
- Collagen Type 2 - 20%
- Proteoglycans - 5%
- Interstitial water - 75%
- Chondrocytes (5-10%)
Mechanical load forces review
for your own review
Elastic VS plastic
structural properties graph (will update)
What is stress
force applied per cross sectional area
what is strain
deformation or displacement of material which came from applied stress
materials have many behaviors that characterize them (5):
- Elasticity
a. Linearity - Yield Point
- Ultimate stress/strength
- Plasticity/Deformation
What is tensile (Young’s modulus)
Slope of linear region of stress-strain graph
