Exam 2- Vaccines Flashcards
What are the two MC vaccine excipients
Aluminum
Formaldehyde
What states allow religious exemptions from being vaccinated
California, Mississippi, and West Virginia
How many states allow philosophical exemptions?
16 states
Injectable vaccine packed with multiple dose vials that contain
Thimerosal
Nasal vaccines have
Live virus!
What is the trivalent vaccine
Only protects against 3 flu strains each year
Why is diphtheria life threatening
Because it forms pseudomembranes
Who is pertussis most dangerous to??
Babies less than 6 months old
What is safer the DPT vaccine or the DTaP
DTaP
There is an association between the pertussis vaccine and
Asthma and possible SIDS
Where is polio still endemic?
Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Pakistan
What is the vaccine risk of polio
OPV if given can go to the wild type
Since 2000 only IPV type given in the US
What is the cutter incident?
1952 the inactivated injection (IPV) was given to school kids but killed 70,000 bc it wasn’t fully inactivated
What is the SV-40
A monkey virus found in OPV, may cause cancer
SIV is found in
1/2 of African green monkeys
May have mutated into HIV
What is Prevnar 13
Is a Pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) protects againgst 13/90 known strains
May contribute to diabetes
Pneumococcal infections are MC in
Children with comorbidities
Hep B vaccine can result in
5% of patients with chronic liver damage
Hep B vaccines is believed to be necessary according to MDs?
87% says no!!!!!!
The Hib vaccine contains
Aluminum and may contribute to diabetes
Who are 2-6x more likely to contract hib disease
Children vaccinated with in the first week
Where does Rotavirus effect the most people
In underdeveloped countries
90% in Africa and Asia
What is Rotashield
Approved in 1998 but pulled in 1999 to treat Rotavirus
what is rotateq
Added in 2007 to treat rotavirus
What is the only recommended pre treatment for the rotavirus vaccine
Hydrate
What is rubella
Mild rash, possibly linked to diabetes, in pregnant women leads to CRS
What is CRS
Congenital rubella syndrome
Infection 0-20 weeks of pregnancy
Spontaneous abortion occurs in 20% of cases
HomeFirst Health Services was
Found in 1973 by Dr. Eisenstein
30-35,000 children unvaccinated
0 cases of autism
ANECDOTAL
Is the MMR shown to have a causation of autism
NO there is no causation
What is postherpetic neuralgia
Is a pain that persists greater than a month after the onset of shingles
Hepatitis A is
Generally mild, self limiting liver disease resolving in 4-8 weeks
NOT chronic
What is Havrix
Vaccine approved in 2002 to treat Hep A
HPV is the
MC std
What are risks of the HPV vaccine
Blood clots, GBS
Did the HPV vaccine actually prevent cervical cancer?
The FDA that the study period wasn’t long enough to see if cervical cancer developed
What is Meningococcal vaccine aka MCV
Bacterial infection
Fatality rate is about 10%
What is a risk of the MCV vaccine
GBS
What vaccine is often required to matriculate
MCV
