Exam 2 Flashcards
What is the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the US
Tobacco use
COPD deaths to to smoking is
%80
Tobacco and caffeine interactions
Tobacco and 3+ cups of coffee per day speed up the same enzymes needed to clear caffeine
What is the most widely psychoactive drug in the US
1 drug problem in America
Alcohol
Who is mostly like to use alcohol
Whites, full time employed adults, but heavier use in unemployed.
Use increases with education
What is the number 1 rape drug?
Alcohol
Contributes to intentional violence
Drug abuse is
Non medically approved purpose, continued use of legal drugs when knowing its hazardous
Males are how much more likely to use marijuana
2x
What is the comprehensive drugs abuse act of 1970?
Controlled substances
What is the most abused illicit drug
Marijuana
What is the most widely abused narcotic?
Heroin
What is synesthesia
A mixing of the senses
What type of drug does tolerance build quickly?
Stimulants
Club drugs are mainly
Synthetic
The controlled substances analogue act of 1986 is
Designed to reduce the flow of designer drugs
Which drugs are most likely used by youths
Inhalants
Brown lung disease is from what
Inhalation of dust from cotton, flax, hemp
Textile workers
What is byssinosis
Brown lung disease associated with textile factory workers
What is the number 1 cause of accidental poisoning deaths in the US
Carbon monoxide
Odorless and colorless gas that is the #2 cause of lung cancer overall
1 cause of lung cancer in non smokers
RADON
Odorless and flavorless
Arsenic
Large amounts= kill fast
Small amounts= long term slow death and other illness
What is the first stage of arsenic poisoning
Metallic taste in mouth
What is the second stage of arsenic poisoning
Garlic like breath
Final stage is death bc kidney fails
Pregnant women should not consume how many ounces of tuna per week?
No more than 7 oz
Mercury is a
Neurotoxin
Damages brain and kidneys
Lead affects
Children MC, more than 400,000 kids under 6
HIGHLY TOXIC
Paint/batteries
What is the biggest symptom of lead poisoning
BLUE GUMS
Brain is MC organ
Aluminum does accumulate in the body’s tissues and
Toxic to the brain and nervous system
What is the biggest source of aluminum
Municipal water supplies
What poisoning mimics symptoms of Alzheimer’s
Aluminum
When did PCB’s get banned
1977
Dioxins are a group of chemicals released in the government from forest fires, burning trash etc.
Agent orange is an example
What type of toxin accumulate in the fatty tissue of animals
Dioxins and PCB’s
How are humans exposed to dioxins and PCB’s
90% through food
Dioxins 7-11 yrs
PCB’s 8-15yrs
Half life’s
Who is it most important to avoid Dioxin and PCB
Girls and young women, to decrease exposure to fetus
How do we get most of the Bisphenol A aka (BPA)
Mainly canned foods, liquids stored or heated in plastic
Low semen quality, abnormal brain development
When did they ban BPA bottles for children
2011
Never microwave plastic
Avoid plastics with #7
DDT was banned when?
1972 in the US
Worldwide in 2004
15yrs to break down
Atmospheric deposition is the new contaminate in the Great Lakes
What is the half life of DDT in humans
8 years
What is the second MC pesticide in the US
Atrazine
Roundup is #1
Where is atrazine MC used
Midwest
Contaminated i streams and ground water
DES was prescribed for who?
Pregnant women between 1940-1971
5-10 million Americans were exposed
DES caused what
Increased breast cancer in moms
40x risk for clear cell adenocarcinoma for the daughters
2x risk for breast cancer and fertility problems for daughters
DES sons suffered from what
Testicular abnormalities
