exam 2 topic 7

Question 1

what is Motivation?

Answer 1

has causal power; force acting on or within a person that causes the person to behave in a specific, goal-directed manner

Question 2

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 2

an individual is inspired by positive internal feelings (positive emotions, satisfaction, enjoyment)

Question 3

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 3

results from the potential or actual receipt of external rewards (money, recognition, promotions)

Question 4

Content Theories

Answer 4

idea that an employee’s needs influence their motivation

Question 5

Process theories

Answer 5

process in which internal factors and environmental characteristics influence motivation

Question 6

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 6

(high to low)

• self fulfillment
• esteem
• affiliation
• security
• physiological
• Must satisfy lower levels before higher levels become important

Question 7

McClelland’s Learned needs theory

Answer 7

three learned needs drive most behavior: Achievement(desire to excel), Affiliation(social relations), Power(influence)

Question 8

Achievement

Answer 8

prefers working challenges

• situations in performance is due to effort
• high achievers

Question 9

Affiliation

Answer 9

• work in teams
• avoid conflict
• like to be praised in private

Question 10

Power

Answer 10

• like to be in charge
• in control of people
• appreciates being recognized

Question 11

Self Determination Theory

Answer 11

Competence(knowledge), Autonomy(freedom), Relatedness(feel connected)

Question 12

Herzberg’s 2 factor theory

Answer 12

Motivator(intrinsic)-Hygiene(extrinsic) theory: job satisfaction and dissatisfaction

Question 13

Equity Theory

Answer 13

model of motivation that explains how people seek fairness and justice

Question 14

Distributive justice (outcomes)

Answer 14

Reflects the perceived fairness of the way resources and rewards are distributed and allocated

Question 15

Procedural justice (process)

Answer 15

Reflects the perceived fairness of the process and procedures used to make allocation decisions

Question 16

Interactional justice (communication)

Answer 16

Reflects the quality of the interpersonal treatment people receive when procedures are implemented

Question 17

expectancy theory

Answer 17

people are motivated when the think they get something valuable: expectancy, instrumentality, valence

Question 18

Goal-Setting Theory

Answer 18

Process of developing, negotiating, and establishing targets that challenge the individual

Question 19

Job Design

Answer 19

(can impact motivation)
Focuses on critical dimensions of the job and outcomes for individuals
§ Focuses on fit between individuals and jobs
§ Presents a more complete picture of the relationship between jobs and employee and work outcome

Question 20

Skill Variety

Answer 20

requires a variety of different activities

Question 21

Task Identity

Answer 21

requires completion of a “whole”and identifiable piece of work(projects)

Question 22

Task Significance

Answer 22

job has a substantial impact on the lives of other people

Question 23

Autonomy

Answer 23

job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling the work

Question 24

Job Feedback

Answer 24

carrying out the work activities required by the job provides individual with direct and clear information on performance

Question 25

JCM used to motivate?

Answer 25

Job design more effective when individuals have required knowledge and skills, are motivated to grow and develop, and when they are satisfied