Exam 2 Study Questions 1

Question 1

What type of factors explain that a person’s behavior is due to internal factors such as personality and self-esteem?

Answer 1

Dispositional factors

Question 2

The second perspective instead focuses on things around an employee, such as his coworkers, boss, or environment.

Answer 2

Situational Factors

Question 3

What is the study of individual and group behavior in organizational settings?

Answer 3

Organizational behavior

Question 4

the set of stable characteristics that influence a person’s behavior

Answer 4

Personality

Question 5

According to the Big 5 model of personality,___________is the dimension that assesses people’s cooperativeness and empathy.

Answer 5

agreeableness

Question 6

Big 5 model

Answer 6

openness to experience,conscientiousness,extraversion,agreeableness, andneuroticism,

Question 7

According to the Big 5 model of personality,___________is the dimension that assesses how organized and dependable an individual is.

Answer 7

Conscientiousness

Question 8

What is a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in a specific situation or accomplish a given task?

Answer 8

Self-efficacy

Question 9

_________is related to trying harder at difficult tasks and overcoming failure.

Answer 9

Higher self-esteem

Question 10

What is the ability to regulate behavior to accommodate social cues and situations?

Answer 10

Self-monitoring

Question 11

__________may seem to not care about the appropriateness of their behavior in certain circumstances.

Answer 11

Low self-monitors

Question 12

What is a learned predisposition to respond positively or negatively toward a certain idea, object, person, or situation?

Answer 12

Attitude

Question 13

The statement, “I hate Nickelback” is reflective of which emotional component of attitude?

Answer 13

Affective

Question 14

The statement, “I believe Nickelback is awful because all of their songs sound alike” is reflective of which knowledge-based component of attitude?

Answer 14

Cognitive

Question 15

According to the cognitive dissonance video above, which of the potential ways to reduce dissonance is being utilized by the decision to stop eating Hot Cheetos because they are bad for you?

Answer 15

Change the behavior

Question 16

Hearing an intelligent person make a statement about the world being flat may cause you to have what attitude-based reaction?

Answer 16

Cognitive dissonance

Question 17

A general sense of contentment or liking of a job, is referred to as _____________.

Answer 17

Job satisfaction

Question 18

What is the degree to which an employee identifies with their organization?

Answer 18

Organizational commitment

Question 19

What is the ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought?

Answer 19

Emotional intelligence

Question 20

Emotional intelligence is comprised of what four characteristics

Answer 20

self-awareness, empathy, adaptability, and self-confidence

Question 21

According to the Sentis emotions video, our_________can influence our emotions and either be helpful or unhelpful in different situations.

Answer 21

Thinking

Question 22

You see someone wearing a t-shirt from your favorite band, and you instantly think that they must be a “cool” person. This is an example of which perception barrier?

Answer 22

Halo effect

Question 23

The statement, “I failed the exam because the professor is a sneaky, no good, &%#@! Not because I am incapable, or didn’t adequately prepare” is an example of which perception barrier?

Answer 23

Self-serving bias

Question 24

Those with a(n)_________of learning will focus on achievement and learning because their supervisor expects a certain level of performance.

Answer 24

Performance orientation

Question 25

Motivation is the process that directs our behavior towards certain ______.

Answer 25

goals

Question 26

Which of the following would be considered an intrinsic motivator?

Answer 26

Feeling of accomplishment

Question 27

What is the tangible award given to you for accomplishing something?

Answer 27

Extrinsic reward

Question 28

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is considered a lower order need?

Answer 28

Safety

Question 29

Confidence, achievement and respect are examples of needs in which category of Maslow's hierarchy?

Answer 29

Esteem

Question 30

What does ERG stand for in Alderfer's ERG Theory of motivation?

Answer 30

Existence, Relatedness, Growth

Question 31

According to McClelland's Acquired Needs Theory, the need for __________is a recognition of the need for fulfilling social relationships.

Answer 31

affiliation

Question 32

Self-Determination Theory is based on the assumption that employees are essentially driven to "behave in __________ and _________ ways."

Answer 32

effective, healthy

Question 33

According to Daniel Pink in the video above, which of the following is not a factor we should focus on to get away from incentives?

Answer 33

Value

Question 34

According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following would be seen as a "motivational" factor?

Answer 34

Recognition

Question 35

According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, what type of factors are the aspects of the job that increase employee's job satisfaction?

Answer 35

Motivational

Question 36

Equity theory would fit into which group of motivation theories?

Answer 36

Process theories

Question 37

If a manager is perceived to treat one employee more favorably than others, which element of organizational justice would this relate to?

Answer 37

Interactional justice

Question 38

If one employee is paid more than others for completing the same tasks, which element of organizational justice could the organization be violating?

Answer 38

Distributive justice

Question 39

In Expectancy Theory, what is the thought that if an individual performs well, then they will receive the desired outcome or reward?

Answer 39

Instrumentality

Question 40

Those with a(n) _________ of learning will focus on achievement and learning because their supervisor expects a certain level of performance.

Answer 40

Performance orientation

Question 41

Using SMART goals, which aspect states that our goals should align with other goals, such as vision statements or organizational strategies?

Answer 41

Relevant

Question 42

If a manager increases the importance and responsibility of a job, which approach to motivation are they using?

Answer 42

Job enrichment

Question 43

Which characteristic of the job characteristics model looks at whether employees feel that their efforts matter to the organization and its customers?

Answer 43

Task significance

Question 44

If I ignore one of my co-workers in an attempt to stop her from asking annoying questions, which form of reinforcement am I implementing?

Answer 44

Extinction

Question 45

Which component of reinforcement theory involves providing a desirable reward after we observe a behavior that we would like to see continue?

Answer 45

Positive reinforcement

Question 46

The ability of a person on a diet to avoid eating chocolate, potato chips, and soda is an example of ___________.

Answer 46

Willpower

Question 47

Manufacturing or service companies that have a quantitative measure of output may use which type of incentive-based motivation?

Answer 47

Piecework plans

Question 48

According to the communication process, the ______________ is the individual(s) to whom a message is directed.

Answer 48

Receiver

Question 49

According to the communication process, ______________ is the process of assembling the message into an understandable language for the receiver.

Answer 49

Encoding

Question 50

What is the level of detail contained in a piece of information?

Answer 50

Information richness

Question 51

Which of the following is the richest medium of communication listed?

Answer 51

Face-to-face

Question 52

Which of the following is the least rich medium of communication listed?

Answer 52

Two-way radio

Question 53

______________ communication is the information that comes from the subordinate level and is communicated up to the managerial level.

Answer 53

Upward

Question 54

______________ communication is the formal requests and discussions that need to be had between different departments or functions that are at the same level.

Answer 54

Horizontal

Question 55

What is the informal transmission of information, rumors, and gossip from person to person?

Answer 55

Grapevine

Question 56

Informal communication is typically based on ___________ within the workplace.

Answer 56

Personal relationships

Question 57

The example of Amazon purchasing Whole Foods was given to emphasize which element of effective communication?

Answer 57

Timeliness

Question 58

First, and foremost, any communication you are a part of needs to be ________.

Answer 58

Accurate

Question 59

The types of sources you use for information and data in your communication has the greatest effect on which aspect of effective communication?

Answer 59

Credibility

Question 60

What are the different things that get in the way of complete understanding of a message?

Answer 60

Barriers

Question 61

What is the individual barrier that comes into play most often when a message is not understood?

Answer 61

Poor listening skills

Question 62

What is terminology that is specific to a particular profession or group?

Answer 62

Jargon

Question 63

Which organizational barrier includes both actual and perceived differences?

Answer 63

Status differences

Question 64

Open-door policies and round tables can help an office get past some of the _________ that hinder an organization's communication.

Answer 64

Physical barriers

Question 65

One of the most important things managers can do to improve communication is ___________.

Answer 65

Communicate more

Question 66

What is being receptive to new or different ideas called?

Answer 66

Open-mindedness

Question 67

According to the above video, withholding blame and criticism is a part of which key skill for improving effective listening?

Answer 67

Avoid seeming judgmental

Question 68

What is is the ability to identify and manage your own emotions and the emotions of others?

Answer 68

Emotional intelligence

Question 69

According to the elevator pitch video, what is the purpose of the pitch?

Answer 69

To get someone interested enough to ask the next question

Question 70

According to the office politics video, observing office relationships is a large part of which key step to understanding office politics?

Answer 70

Spotting the influencers

Question 71

Leadership activities typically include all of the following, except:

Answer 71

Budgeting

Question 72

Activities such as budgeting, organizing, and controlling are typically associated with __________.

Answer 72

Management

Question 73

Celebrities are often used in advertisements and movies because people identify and admire them. What type of power do these celebrities have?

Answer 73

Referent power

Question 74

The ability to be a starting quarterback in the NFL is extremely rare. What type of power are these players able to utilize?

Answer 74

Expert power

Question 75

What is the ability to have an effect on the development or behavior of someone or something?

Answer 75

Influence

Question 76

According to the video above, Minda Zetlin says the ability of a manager to get over mistakes and leave them in the past without feeling guilty involves a healthy amount of ____________.

Answer 76

Psychopathy

Question 77

Which behavioral theory included the concepts of job-centered leader behavior and employee-centered leader behavior?

Answer 77

University of Michigan study

Question 78

A supervisor concerned with being liked by employees as the primary objective would likely have which behavioral orientation?

Answer 78

Relationship orientation

Question 79

What is the amount of control and influence a leader has in a given environment?

Answer 79

Situational control

Question 80

Which variable is the ever-important "lynchpin" in making Contingency Theory work?

Answer 80

Leader-member relations

Question 81

If the leader is caring and nurturing toward the employees’ needs and well-being, what style of leadership are they demonstrating according to Path-Goal theory?

Answer 81

Supportive

Question 82

The point of Path-Goal theory is that leaders are expected to individualize their leadership based on the _____ and the ______.

Answer 82

employee, context

Question 83

Based on the _________ of the follower, different leadership styles are going to be more effective.

Answer 83

Readiness level

Question 84

What employee-based variable in the Situation Leadership model looks at the desire a follower has to complete the tasks?

Answer 84

Motivation

Question 85

Which of the contemporary theories of leadership has ties to social categorization in how managers and employees interact?

Answer 85

Leader-member exchange

Question 86

Being concerned for the well-being of followers and committing personal attention to each follower is associated with which of the Four I's of Transformational Leadership?

Answer 86

Individualized consideration

Question 87

According to the Capture Your Flag video, Simon Sinek says that at the top of the organization, the people have all the ________; at the bottom they have all of the _________.

Answer 87

authority, context

Question 88

According to a diversity study, what percentage of ethnically diverse companies are more likely to outperform their industry median?

Answer 88

35%

Question 89

The development of future leaders is associated with which leadership trend?

Answer 89

Forward-thinking leaders

Question 90

According to the LA Times video on the Wells Fargo scandal, why did employees create accounts customers didn't ask for?

Answer 90

To meet sales goals

Question 91

Sarbanes-Oxley and other acts like it have begun to require what from organizations and their leaders?

Answer 91

Transparency