exam 2 - stress, anger, grief

Question 1

____ stress leading to a physiologic overload has a negative impact on health

Answer 1

acute

Question 2

_____ stress is clearly linked to negative health outcomes

Answer 2

chronic

Question 3

what model shows stress associated with development or exacerbation of mental illness

Answer 3

diathesis-stress model

Question 4

what describes the relationship between chronic stress and damage to the body?

Answer 4

general adaptation syndrome

Question 5

general adaptation syndrome describes increased ____ secretion during stress

Answer 5

corticosteroids

Question 6

what do the adrenal glands secrete in response to stress?

Answer 6

cortisol

Question 7

excessive cortisol secretion can lead to the dysfunction of the _____ nervous system

Answer 7

autonomic

Question 8

what is the term used to describe the consequences of wear and tear of the body and brain – ill health

Answer 8

allostatic load

Question 9

what is the term to describe the dynamic regulation of homeostasis?

Answer 9

allostasis

Question 10

two factors that determine if a person experiences stress response

Answer 10

• person-environment relationships
• appraisal

Question 11

what is appraisal?

Answer 11

consideration of demands, constraints, resources, and personal goals and beliefs

Question 12

what is primary appraisal?

Answer 12

what is actually going on – evaluation of events as a threat, harm, or challenge

Question 13

what is secondary appraisal?

Answer 13

how we respond to what is going on – explanation of outcome of events

Question 14

what personality type is competitive, aggressive, ambitious, impatient, alert, tense, and restless

Answer 14

A

Question 15

what personality type is relaxed, easy going, and easily satisfied?

Answer 15

B

Question 16

what personality type is introverted, respectful, conforming, compliant, and eager to please

Answer 16

C

Question 17

what personality type is increased negative emotions, pessimism, non-sharing of emotions

Answer 17

D

Question 18

what are the physical and social environments that impact person-environment relationships?

Answer 18

social networks
social support
demands and constraints
life events

Question 19

what are the emotional stress responses

Answer 19

negative emotions
positive emotions
borderline emotions
nonemotions

Question 20

hope, compassion, empathy, sympathy, and contentment

Answer 20

borderline emotions

Question 21

confidence, awe, confusion, and excitement

Answer 21

nonemotions

Question 22

____ is deliberate, planned, and psychological activity to manage stressful demands

Answer 22

coping

Question 23

positive coping leads to….

Answer 23

adaptation

Question 24

two types of coping

Answer 24

problem focused
emotional focused

Question 25

____ is a person’s capacity to survive and flourish

Answer 25

adaptation

Question 26

what three important areas does adaptation effect?

Answer 26

healthy coping
psychological well-being
social functioning

Question 27

___ is the internal affective state that may or may not be expressed in overt behavior

Answer 27

anger

Question 28

if anger is expressed it can be …

Answer 28

constructive or destructive

Question 29

____ anger is excessive outwardly directed anger or suppressed anger

Answer 29

maladaptive

Question 30

_____ ____ of anger is similar in all people, but the ways anger is ____ differs

Answer 30

physiologic arousal; expressed

Question 31

3 styles of anger expression

Answer 31

anger suppression
unhealthy outward anger expression
constructive anger discussion

Question 32

evidence based tool used in assessment of anger

Answer 32

spielberger state trait anger expression (STAXI)

Question 33

overt behavior intended to hurt, belittle, take revenge, or achieve domination and control

Answer 33

aggression

Question 34

___ aggression is sarcasm, insults, threats

Answer 34

verbal

Question 35

___ aggression is property damage, slapping, hitting

Answer 35

physical

Question 36

type of aggression in which the frontal cortex does not rein in the amygdala resulting in behavior comparable to a “wild horse”

Answer 36

impulsive

Question 37

___ aggression is premeditation, unrelated to person’s pain

Answer 37

instrumental

Question 38

___ is extreme aggression; the use of strong force or weapons to inflict bodily harm to another, possibly to kill

Answer 38

violence

Question 39

the biologic theories of aggression and violence include which brain structures?

Answer 39

limbic system and cerebral cortex

Question 40

what are the components of the biologic theories of aggression and violence?

Answer 40

neurocognitive impairment
social hx of abuse or family violence
monoamine oxidase A – aggression related gene
low serotonin levels
sex hormones – testosterone

Question 41

____ theories state that suppression of drives is related to aggression and anger

Answer 41

psychoanalytic

Question 42

_____ theories state that aggression and violence is a learned response to stimulus; frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 42

behavioral

Question 43

____ theory states that participation in environments that rewards aggression makes you more likely to be aggressive or violentWhat does the general aggression model include?

Answer 43

social learning

Question 44

what does the general aggression model include?

Answer 44

person factors
situational factors
cognition
arousal

Question 45

____ occurs when there is a perceived challenge or threat that overwhelms the capacity of the individual to cope effectively with the event

Answer 45

crisis

Question 46

crises has either ___ or ___ outcomes

Answer 46

positive; negative

Question 47

crises are ____-_____ events that trigger adaptive or nonadaptive responses to maturational, situational, or traumatic experiences

Answer 47

time-limited

Question 48

____ crisis is a maturational event such as leaving home, completing school, or new adulthood

Answer 48

developmental

Question 49

____ crisis occurs when there is a specific stressful event; loss of a job, graduation

Answer 49

situational

Question 50

____ crisis is initiated by an unexpected and unusual event such as trauma, injury, breakup, death of a loved one

Answer 50

traumatic

Question 51

____ response is an intense, emotional reaction to the loss of a loved one

Answer 51

grief

Question 52

the grief response often includes spontaneous expression of ….

Answer 52

pain, sadness, and desolation

Question 53

____ process refers to the process of mourning and coping with the loss of a loved one beginning immediately after the loss but possible lasting months or years

Answer 53

bereavement

Question 54

first stage of grief and bereavement

Answer 54

shock and disbelief

Question 55

second stage of grief and bereavement

Answer 55

awareness of loss

Question 56

third stage of grief and bereavement

Answer 56

conservation-withdrawal

Question 57

fourth stage of grief and bereavement

Answer 57

healing

Question 58

fifth stage of grief and bereavement

Answer 58

renewal

Question 59

what model shows the everyday life experience going back and forth between loss oriented and restoration oriented grief

Answer 59

dual process model

Question 60

loss oriented experiences of grief/bereavement

Answer 60

grief work
intrusion of grief
breaking bonds/lies/relocation
denial/avoidance or restoration changes

Question 61

restoration oriented experiences of grief/bereavement

Answer 61

attending to life changes
doing new things
distraction from grief
denial/avoidance of grief
new roles/identities/relationships

Question 62

what type of grief is experienced by most

Answer 62

uncomplicated

Question 63

what type of grief is when you are frozen in chronic mourning

Answer 63

complicated