Exam 2 Ruminants

Question 1

What local anesthetic technique is used for dehorning?

Answer 1

Cornual block

Question 2

What local anesthetic technique is used for ophthalmic surgery?

Answer 2

Petersen or Retrobulbar

Question 3

What bloodwork should be done for neonates?

Answer 3

PCV/TP, blood glucose

Question 4

Fasting:

Adult large ruminants, sheep, and goat?

Calves, lambs, kids?

Answer 4

Adult large ruminants, sheep, and goat -> 12-18 hours

Calves, lambs, kids -> Are not starved

Question 5

4 common problems in ruminants

Answer 5

1) Regurgitation and aspiration
2) Ruminal tympany (bloat)
3) Hypersalivation
4) Cardio-respiratory effects (Hypoventilation/hypotension)

Question 6

Which drug is very potent in ruminants than horses and will cause pulmonary effects in sheep and goats?

Answer 6

Xylazine (alpha 2 agonist)

Question 7

Which drug can reduce GI motility and may lead to bloat?

Answer 7

Atropine

Question 8

ET tube sizes:

Adult cattle?

Calves?

Adult sheep and goats?

Answer 8

Adult cattle -> 20-30mm

Calves -> 8-12mm

Adult sheep and goats -> 7-12mm

Question 9

What eye signs implies light plane?

Answer 9

Spontaneous ventral eyelid movement

Question 10

Difference in GI anatomy between ruminants and camelids (llamas and alpacas)

Answer 10

Ruminants -> 4 compartments

Camelids -> 3 comparements as well as high RBC counts and low MCV (because come from high altitudes)

Question 11

What drug is recommended for aiding ET placement in camelids?

Answer 11

Phenylephrine

Question 12

What do camelids and horses share in comon?

Answer 12

Both are obligate nasal breathers