Exam 2 (Review slides 1-10)

Question 1

The position of the temporomandibular ligament is designed to limit what movement of the mandible

Answer 1

the pure hinge axis rotational movement of the mandible

Question 2

The full length of the temporomandibular ligament occurs at no more than what length of opening?

Answer 2

No more than 15-20 mm of opening

- Measured between the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular incisors

Question 3

What type of movement occurs at a pivot point of 15-20 mm of opening on the temporomandibular ligament?

Answer 3

Translation

Question 4

Posterior border of the articular disc is what compared to the anterior border?

Answer 4

Thicker than anterior border

Question 5

Most of the mandibular movement occurs where in the articular disc?

Answer 5

Intermediate zone (thinnest zone) & the anterior region

Question 6

Explain the retrodiscal tissue

Answer 6

1. It is elastic
2. It is highly innervated and vascular
3. If we place significant force or more commonly called “loading”, it can be painful
4. Any type of trauma can cause inflammation surrounding the articular disc, especially in the retrodiscal tissues

Question 7

From a force perspective, what is considered Ideal Maximum Intercuspation?

Answer 7

1. For Angle Class 1 occlusion, the first molars and canines have an important relationship
2. There must be an adequate overlap of the maxillary over the mandibular teeth
3. Occlusal forces should be exerted down the long axis of posterior teeth
4. There must be simultaneous contact of all of the maxillary and mandibular teeth

Question 8

Posterior tooth occlusal contacts should dominate or should be dominated by the anterior teeth?

Answer 8

Should dominate

Question 9

Anterior teeth should display what type of occlusal contact with each other?

Answer 9

“passive” or minimal occlusal contact

Question 10

T or F, There should be multiple occlusal contacts on ALL teeth that adequately distrubtes forces

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Describe 3 normal functional activities of the Temporalis

Answer 11

1. Elevate the mandible in a superior direction to eventually contact the maxillary teeth
2. Retracts or retrudes the mandible
3. Positions the mandible to obtain centric relation

Question 12

The medial pterygoid is the primary muscle to produce what movement?

Answer 12

Mediotrusive movement

Question 13

Describe the 2 normal functional activities of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 13

1. Maintains a sustainable and consistent position of the articular disc
2. **It is progressively active during closing movement of the mandible

Question 14

What is the parafunctional activity of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 14

It frequently displays a spasm as a result of some types of occlusal dysfunction

Question 15

Describe the actions that follow when the mandible closes against the maxilla, from an extended opening position:

Answer 15

1. Condyle will be located primarily within the glenoid fossa**
2. Anterior fibers of the temporalis muscle will contract
3. Medial pterygoid muscle will contract
4. Entire masseter muscle will contract
5. Suprahyoids and infrahyoids relax
6. Posterior neck musculature will minimally contract to hold the cranium in place

Question 16

Factors influencing the arch alignment of the teeth (8)

Answer 16

1. Maxillary and mandibular arch size
2. Occlusal contacting relationships
3. Musculature (facial-lingual equilibrium)
4. Parafunctional activity
5. Missing teeth
6. Fractured cusps
7. Severely carious teeth
8. Rotated or ectopically-positioned teeth