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Histology & Embryology > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which comes first, neural tube or notochord?

A

notochord

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2
Q

Which of the following cells undergo meiosis?
A) primary spermatoytes
B) seminiferous cells
C) spermataozoa
D) spermatogonia
E) spermatids

A

A) primary spermatoytes

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3
Q

What is shown by the label “3” in the image?

A

zona pellucida

(the light blue cells (2) are trophoblast, the cavity is blastocele (1))

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4
Q

Cells migrate from which of the following structures to then form the primary yolk sac/ primary umbilical vesicle?

A

hypoblast

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5
Q

Vertebrae develop from which of the following?
A) myotome
B) dermatome
C) intermediate mesoderm
D) splanchnic mesoderm
E) sclerotome

A

E) sclerotome

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6
Q

The neural tube grows quickly after forming and becomes subdivided into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and ______

A

spinal cord

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7
Q

As the embryo grows and expands which layer will become the outside of the embryo?

A

ectoderm

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8
Q

A primitive node forms at the ______ end of the embryonic disc?

A

cranial

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9
Q

An ovarian follicle containing a large antrum is known as a ________ follicle

A

tertiary

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10
Q

Embryonic blood cells (RBSc…) develop from endothelial cells within which structure?

A

umbilical vesicle

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11
Q

The urinary system will begin to develop within which of the following embryonic structures?
A) paraxial mesoderm
B) endoderm
C) intermediate mesoderm
D) ectoderm

A

C) intermediate mesoderm

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12
Q

The first blood vessels to form in early development are within which of the following?
A) extraembryonic mesoderm
B) amnion
C) notochord
D) gastrula

A

A) extraembryonic mesoderm

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13
Q

Which structure is most caudal in the embryo?
A) cloacal membrane
B) head fold
C) oropharyngeal membrane
D) heart tube

A

A) cloacal membrane

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14
Q

The notochordal process transforms into a solid notochord by fusing with the ______ of the embryo?

A

endoderm

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15
Q

In meiosis I and II in the ovary, 2 daughter cells are produced after each division, briefly explain how there is only 1 gamete formed?

A

For females, during meiosis I we produce one secondary oocyte and one polar body. Only the secondary oocyte moves on to meiosis II which will produce 2 daughter cells, but only 1 of them is mature as the ovum. This one ovum is the 1 gamete in females.

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16
Q

Some endometrial cells degenerate and provide nutrition to the embryo, these cells are called?

A

decidual cells

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17
Q

Which layer of the embryonic disc is dorsal and therefore adjacent to the amnion?

A

epiblast

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18
Q

Blood vessel formation starts in the third week, with vessels forming within which structure?

A

extraembryonic mesoderm

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19
Q

The digestive system starts as a ______, formed from the ______

A

gut tube, endoderm

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20
Q

Before neural folding the ventral surface of the embryo is formed by ______ ?

A

endoderm

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21
Q

Endocardial cushions form to ________ ?

A

separate the heart internally

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22
Q

The sprouting of blood vessels to form new branches is known as ________

A

angiogenesis

23
Q

An important structure located on the head of a sperm?

A

acrosome

24
Q

Paraxial mesoderm forms….

A

somites

25
Q

ectoderm forms the….

A

neural tube

26
Q

endoderm forms the….

A

gut tube

27
Q

Lateral plate mesoderm forms the….

A

appendicular skeleton

28
Q

intermediate mesoderm forms the….

A

urinary and reproductive systems

29
Q

The follicle cells that remain attached to the oocyte at ovulation are known as which of the following?
A) zona pellucida
B) corpus luteum
C) atrium cells
D) corona radiata
E) follicular cells

A

D) corona radiata

30
Q

Which of the following increase the surface area for diffusion across the forming placenta?
A) umbilical arterioles
B) chorionic villi
C) lacunae
D) coleomic spaces
E) lamina propria

A

B) chorionic villi

31
Q

Using the image provided what is shown by the number 4

A

lateral plate mesoderm

32
Q

Which of the following cells differentiate into angioblasts?
A) neural crest cells
B) mesenchymal cells
C) primitive node cells
D) embryoblast cells
E) hypoblast cells

A

B) mesenchymal cells

33
Q

Which of the following tissues splits or separates to form primitive body cavities?
A) intermediate mesoderm
B) paraxial mesoderm
C) endoderm
D) lateral plate mesoderm

A

D) lateral plate mesoderm

34
Q

Neural crest cells are formed from which of the following?
A) neural folds
B) paraxial mesoderm
C) neural plate
D) notochord

A

A) neural folds

35
Q

What structure divided to form a splanchnic and somatic layer?

A

lateral plate mesoderm

36
Q

Label 1 on the image below is the ______ ?

A

myotome

37
Q

Order the following from most medial to most lateral
-neural tube
-paraxial mesoderm
-lateral plate mesoderm
-intermediate mesoderm

A

-neural tube
-paraxial mesoderm
-intermediate mesoderm
-lateral plate mesoderm

38
Q

Where or what is the vitelline duct?

A

The vitelline duct drains the vitelline arteries between the fetal and maternal tissues

39
Q

A meiotic spindle is formed during which stage of division?

A

prophase

40
Q

Before a _______ can implant into the uterus is needs to break free of the _______. ?

A

blastocyst, zona pellucida

41
Q

Somites start off as balls of mesoderm and then develop into a myotome, dermatome and _____________

A

sclerotome

42
Q

The ectoderm above the primitive node thickens to form a ______ ?

A

neural plate

43
Q

Identify 5 on the image below

A

notochord

44
Q

Endocardial tubes form within which structure?
A) cardiogenic mesoderm
B) extraembryonic mesoderm
C) endoderm
D) lateral plate mesoderm
E) paraxial mesoderm

A

A) cardiogenic mesoderm

45
Q

A thickening of cells seen on the bilaminar embryo is called the ______ ?

A

prechordal plate

46
Q

A population of mesodermal cells migrates cranially from the primitive node and forms the ______ ?

A

notochordal process

47
Q

Within the embryo primordia of body cavities are formed by______?

A

coelomic spaces

48
Q

Early in development the term ‘coelomic’ is used to describe______ ?

A

body cavities

49
Q

In cardiovascular development two vitelline veins fuse to form the ______ ?

A

sinus venosus

50
Q

Which germ layer is first to form?

A

endoderm

51
Q

At the end of gastrulation the embryo is called a __________

A

gastrula

52
Q

Which of the following processes are required to make a spermatozoa motile?
A) capacitation
B) amphimixis
C) acrosome reaction
D) cleavage
E) ovulation

A

A) capacitation

53
Q

In the early 14 day embryo a large cavity surrounds the yolk sac and amnion, this space is called the ______ ?

A

extraembryonic coelom

Histology & Embryology (21 decks)

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