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Histology & Embryology > Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue can repair and regenerate by the presence of _________________ cells

A

mesenchymal

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2
Q

Desmosomes are an example of __________________

A

adrerens junctions

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3
Q

Which of the following is needed to form microvilli?
A) microtubules
B) cilia
C) transport vesicles
D) intermediate filaments
E) microfilaments

A

E) microfilaments

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4
Q

Identify the tissue shown

A

dense regular CT

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5
Q

Pinocytosis is ______________?

A

type of endocytosis that involves the nonselective uptake of tiny droplets of ECF

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6
Q

Which of the following type of fibers are most abundant in the spleen?
A) collagen
B) elastic
C) reticular
D) none of the above

A

C) reticular

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7
Q

A macrophage is a CT cell which takes part in _________

A

phagocytosis

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8
Q

Which of the following tissues reduces friction between articulating bones?
A) stratified squamous epithelia
B) dense regular CT
C) hyaline cartilage
D) fibrocartilage
E) loose CT proper

A

C) hyaline cartilage

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9
Q

Which of the following tissues would have the most ground substance?
A) loose CT proper
B) elastic cartilage
C) transitional epithelium
D) dense regular CT
E) adipose tissue

A

A) loose CT proper

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10
Q

As epithelial tissue is avascular, the cell must receive the nutrients via ___________

A

diffusion

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11
Q

Identify this tissue

A

hyaline cartilage

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12
Q

Beneath the periosteum of a bone, you would see…

A

circumferential lamellae

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13
Q

Which of the following cells can move, for example from CT to blood vessels (diapediasis)?
A) melanocytes
B) adipocytes
C) fibrocytes
D) lymphocytes
E) fibroblasts

A

D) lymphocytes

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14
Q

Which of the following cells play a role in calcium homeostasis?
A) chondrocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) macrophages
D) mast cells
E) osteoclasts

A

E) osteoclasts

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15
Q

Vesicles formed by the golgi complex that contain strong hydrolytic and digestive enzymes = ?

A

lysosomes

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16
Q

Endothelium is classified as ____________

A

simple squamous epithelium

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17
Q

Cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes that allow cell-cell communication are __________

A

canaliculi

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18
Q

Transitional epithelium can be found in which of the following locations?
A) lining the body surface
B) forming the exchange surface of the lungs
C) covering bones
D) tendons
E) lining the urinary bladder

A

E) lining the urinary bladder

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19
Q

The sebaceous glands that release on hair follicles use which mechanism of secretion?

A

holocrine

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20
Q

Thickening of the left ventricular heart wall due to environmental stress is an example of _____________

A

hypertrophy

21
Q

Elongated, long glands are classified as tubular, rounded sac-like glands are called?

A

acinar

22
Q

CT proper contains protein fibers within the matrix, these consist of collagen, reticular, and _________ fibers

A

elastic

23
Q

The ground substance of CT proper is often described as?

A

viscous

24
Q

Identify the tissue shown

A

transitional epithelia

25
Q

Osteocytes can communicate with each other due to ______________ within the matrix

A

canaliculi

26
Q

Primary active transport is best described by which statement?
A) movement of water from an area of higher to lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
B) use energy derived from hydrolysis to “pump” a substance across a cellular membrane against its concentration gradient
C) movement of materials out of the cell by fusing of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane
D) movement of water from an area of higher to lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
E) indirectly use energy obtained from breakdown of ATP, involves symporters and antiporters

A

B) use energy derived from hydrolysis to “pump” a substance across a cellular membrane against its concentration gradient

27
Q

Which of the following cells would be found located within a lacunae?
A) osteocyte
B) microphage
C) osteoclast
D) fibroblast
E) lymphocyte

A

A) osteocyte

28
Q

Which of the following types of connective tissue is located directly underneath the epidermis?
A) reticular connective tissue
B) loose areolar connective tissue
C) osseous tissue
D) adipose connective tissue
E) elastic dense connective tissue

A

B) loose areolar connective tissue

29
Q

Acid reflux from the stomach can cause cellular changes in the adjacent esophagus, this type of pathology is known as?

A

metaplasia

30
Q

programmed cell death is known as ____________

A

apoptosis

31
Q

If you soak your hands un dishwater, you may notice that your skin absorbs water and swells. This is because your skin cells are ______________ to the _______________ dishwater

A

hypertonic, hypotonic

32
Q

Fat, or adipose tissue is correctly classified as ________________________________________?

A

connective tissue, proper, loose

33
Q

Chondroitin sulphate within cartilage is an example of ______________

A

matrix molecule

34
Q

Which of the following statements is true for merocrine secretion?
A) release product into blood
B) endocytosis follows exocytosis
C) secretion occurs by exocytosis
D) release product from its apical surface in vesicles
E) whole-cell breaks down to secrete the product

A

C) secretion occurs by exocytosis

35
Q

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have _______________ at their apical surface

A

microvilli

36
Q

Epithelium thar appears to have several layers of cells but actually has only one is classified as

A

pseudostratified epithelium

37
Q

Osseous tissue has a matrix composed of calcium phosphate and ____________

A

collagen

38
Q

Identify the tissue below

A

connective tissue proper loose areolar tissue

39
Q

Cancellous tissue is also known as _______________

A

spongy bone

40
Q

The plasma membrane of a human cell is a phospholipid bilayer containing proteins and ____________?

A

cholesterol

41
Q

A stained preparation of a tissue shows cells spaced among only 1 type of matrix fiber with lots of ground substance, this tissue is __________________?

A

reticular tissue

42
Q

The main components of connective tissue are __________________, ________________, and __________________

A

ground substance, protein fibers, specialized cells

43
Q

If the concentration of glucose in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells increase (other solutes remain constant), then ___________________

A

the cells will shrink

44
Q

Which of the following transport processes always requires metabolic energy?
A) diffusion
B) osmosis
C) facilitated diffusion
D) vesicular transport
E) carrier-mediated transport

A

D) vesicular transport

45
Q

Which of the following are true about centrioles?
A) forms and assembles ribosomes
B) is membrane-bound organelle
C) causes apoptosis
D) important for organizing spindle fibers
E) causes necrosis

A

D) important for organizing spindle fibers

46
Q

Which of the following are needed to form cilia?
A) actin
B) collagen
C) intermediate filaments
D) microfilaments
E) microtubules

A

E) microtubules

47
Q

Which of the following tissues is avascular?
A) reticular
B) adipose
C) areolar
D) hyaline cartilage
E) osseous

A

D) hyaline cartilage

48
Q

These fibers are strong yet flexible and resist force in one direction:

A

collagen

Histology & Embryology (21 decks)

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