exam 2 review Flashcards
nucleolus
makes ribosomes and assembles RNA
nuclear envelope
double membrane of the nucleus and separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm and
provides the structural framework of the nucleus
chromatin
material consisting of DNA and proteins.
plasma membrane
provides protection of the cell, houses organelles
ribosomes
produces proteins
rough ER
has ribosomes attached to it and produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function
smooth ER
no ribosomes and involved in hormone and lipid synthesis
Golgi apparatus
packages and distributes substances
lysosome
break down and recycle unwanted material for the cell to play a role in “apoptosis”
cytoskeleton
reinforces cell shape: functions in cell movement: components are made of protein:
-microfilaments + intermediate filaments + microtubules
microfilaments
generate the forces used in cellular contraction and basic cell ‘movements’ (actin)
intermediate filaments
create cell cohesion (stick together) and prevent the acute fracture of epithelial cell sheets under tension (‘structural support’)
microtubules
regulate cell growth, movement (‘transport/mobility’), chromosome segregation
peroxisome
lipid waste, contains oxidative enzymes
mitochondria
release energy, cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated
