Exam 2 Questions Flashcards
which one of the following would be least likely to diffuse across a lipid bilayer? A. H20 B. C6H12O6 C. CO2 D. N2 E. glycerol
B
which of the following would most likely be a reactant in an anabolic reaction? A. an enzyme like PFK 1 B. a messenger RNA C. an amino acid like tryptophan D. A and B E. A B and C
C
which one of the following is not an example of potential energy?
A. an electrochemical gradient
B. the chemical bonds in glucose
C. the chemical bonds in the fatty acid tail of a lipid
D. electrons in an outer shell
E. all of the above are examples of potential energy
E
which one of the following statements about synthesizing a strand of DNA from free nucleotides is incorrect?
A. the reaction is non-sponanteous
B. the reaction is endergonic
C. the reaction is part of anabolism
D. the reaction has a negative delta G
E. all of the statements about synthesizing a strand of DNA from free nucleotides are incorrect
D
which of the following reaction is most likely to be exergonic?
A. the eysnthesis of a strand of DNA from nucleotides
B. the synthesis of a protein from amino acids
C. the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl Co A
D. A and B
E. none of these reactions are exergonic
C
what is the purpose of an enzyme?
A. to slow the rate of a reaction
B. to increase the energy required to reach the transition state
C. to alter the potential energy of a specific reaction
D. to increase the rate of a specific reaction by decreasing the energy required to reach the transition state
E. all of the above
D
which of the following types of inhibitor temporarily alters the enzyme it inhibits, primarily by forming a transient bond in the active site of the enzyme?
A. a non-competitive inhibitor
b. a competitive inhibitor
C. an irreversible inhibior
D. an allosteric inhibitor
E. all of these inhibitors act in this way
B
A selectively permeable membrane divides a container in half. Side A is filled with an iodine tincture, which is brown in color. Side B is filled with a colorless starch solution. Iodide ions turn dark blue when they react with starch molecules. After several hours, Side A is blue and Side B remains colorless. Which statement describes the diffusion of solutes through the membrane?
A.the membrane excluded the iodide ions, but the starch molecules diffused through
B. the membrane excluded the starch molecules, but the iodide ions diffused through
C. both the starch molecules and the iodide ions diffused through the membrane
D. the membrane excluded both the starch molecules and the iodide ions
E. none of the above
A
which of the following is a property of facilitated diffusion though a membrane bound protein?
A. ions’ solutes are pumped from an area of low concentration to high concentration
B. cells must spend energy (ATP) to diffuse the ions/ solutes across the membrane
C. cells form a vesicle to diffuse substances across the membrane without using energy
D. ions/solutes are pumped along their ocncentration gradient (high to low) through a protein channel, requiring energy
E. diffusion occurs through a protein channel that only allows that type of ion/ solute to pass
E
which of these summarizes the overall reaction of respiration?
A. C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> ^CO2 + 6H2O + energy
B. 6CO2 + 6O2 -> C6H12O6 + 6H20
C. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + energy -> 6CO2 + 12 H2O
D. 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
E. H2O -> 2H+ + 1/2 O2 + 2e-
A
carbon dioxide is a waste product of the complete oxidation of glucose. carbons dioxide ____.
A. is produced during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle
B. is produced during acetyl Co A synthesis and in the electron transport chain
C. is produced when carbon is oxidized
D. is used as the final electron acceptor in the ETC
E. is produced when carbon is reduced
C
which of the following would entirely disrupt the ability of ATP synthase to function in the mitochondrion?
A. sudden change in the permeability of the outer membrane allowing protons to freely flow across it
B. sudden decrease in the availability of FADH2
C. increased rate of glycolysis
D. sudden change in the permeability of the inner membrane allowing H2O to freely flow across it
E. increase efficiency of the enzyme PFK1
A
Multicellular organisms have many types of cells that fulfill specialized roles. different cell types can vary in the numbers of certain organelles that they contain. compare the density of mitochondria in cardiac muscle cells to the density in skin cells. what relationship do you expect>
A. cardiac cells need a higher density of mitochondria because they are required to beat and need to produce more ATP to do so.
B. the number and density of mitochondria is the same for both cell types
C. skin cells have a higher rate of metabolism because of their increased surface area and need a higher density of mitochondria
D. there is no relationship
A
Cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases energy. which of the following statements most accurately summarizes cellular respiration:
A. chemical potential energy in organic macromolecules is released in a series of enzymatic reactions that convert it into an energy currency molecule
B. chemical potential energy in the bonds of organic macromolecules is transferred to chemical potential energy in the bonds of ATP
C. the chemical potential energy stored in organic molecules is converted to chemical energy that can be used to do the work of the cell
D. all of the above accurately summarize cellular respiration
E. none of the above
D
Complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 involves two different mechanism for synthesizing ATP, oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation. which statement is true?
A. in substrate level phosphorylation an enzyme catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP
B. most of the ATP generated is due to oxidative phosphorylation
C. in substrate level phosphorylation the substrate released more than 7 kcal/mol when the phosphate group is transferred from it.
D. oxidative phosphorylation requires a proton gradient
E. all of the above
E
