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GAP Lecture Exam 2 > Exam 2 Pt 3 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Pt 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of muscle tissue

A 
Excitability
Elasticity
Extensibility
Contractibility
Conductivity
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2
Q

What are prime movers

A

Muscles that are primarily responsible for a muscle action

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3
Q

What are antagonists

A

Muscles that reverse the action of the prime mover

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4
Q

What is a synergist

A

Muscle that assists a prime mover during a specific action

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5
Q

What is a fixator

A

A muscle that stabilizes a joint during a specific action

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6
Q

Membrane coverings in muscle

A

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

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7
Q

Endomysium location

A

Surrounds individual fibers

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8
Q

Epimysium location

A

Surrounds entire muscle belly

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9
Q

Perimysium location

A

Surrounds individual fascicles

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10
Q

Parts of a muscle cell

A 
Sarcoplasm
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Sarcolemma
Nuclei
Myofibrils
Myoglobin
Mitochondria
Glycogen
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11
Q

Function of Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

Function of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Regulates release of calcium

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13
Q

Function of Sarcolemma

A

carrying electrical impulses

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14
Q

Function of myofibrils

A

Bundles of proteins capable of contracting

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15
Q

Function of myoglobin

A

Stores oxygen for aerobic respiration

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16
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

To produce energy

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17
Q

Function of glycogen

A

Storage form of glucose

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18
Q

Composition of Thick filaments

A

Composed mostly of myosin
Two heads and two tails wrapped around eachother
Heads have bonding sites for Actin and ATP

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19
Q

Composition of thin filaments

A

Contains Actin

Binding sites blocked by tropomysin

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20
Q

Tropomysin

A

Blocks myosin binding sites

21
Q

Troponin

A

Binds with calcium to pull tropomysin away from myosin binding sites

22
Q

Define motor unit

A

One motor neuron and all of the fibers it innervates

23
Q

Define neuromuscular junction

A

The location where neuron meets muscle

24
Q

Types of muscle contraction

A

Concentric Isotonic
Eccentric Isotonic
Isometric

25
Q

Concentric Isotonic Contraction

A

Muscle shortens

26
Q

Eccentric Isotonic Contraction

A

Muscle lengthens

27
Q

Isometric Contraction

A

Muscle stays the same length

28
Q

Order of muscle metabolism

A

Phosphate Transfer
Glycolysis
Aerobic repiration

29
Q

Where does Phosphate transfer take place

A

Mitochondria

30
Q

Where does glycolysis take place

A

cytoplasm

31
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place

A

Mitochondria

32
Q

When does phosphate transfer take place

A

5 seconds to 10 seconds

33
Q

What is phosphate transfer

A

The transfer of a phosphate to ADP to produce ATP

34
Q

When does glycolysis take place

A

From 10 seconds to 1 min

35
Q

Does glycolysis use oxygen

A

No

36
Q

When does Aerobic respiration take place

A

From 1 minute to end of workout

37
Q

What is Oxygen Debt

A

Oxygen stores need to be replenished after exersize
Restore glycogen
Restore ATP
Convert lactic acid back to glucose

38
Q

Function of Red fiber

A

Aerobic ATP production

39
Q

Function of Pink fiber

A

Aerobic ATP production

40
Q

Function of White fiber

A

Anaerobic ATP production

41
Q

Characteristics of Red fiber

A

Lots of energy for sustained contraction
Not powerful
Postural muscles
Lots of blood vessels, mitochondria and myoglobin

42
Q

Characteristics of Pink fiber

A

Fast, powerful contractions

43
Q

Characteristics of White fiber

A

Fast, powerful contractions

44
Q

Results of aerobic exersize

A

Improvements in cardiovascular health
Increases bone density
Increases in muscle capillaries, number of mitochondria, and myoglobin synthesis

45
Q

Results of resistance exersize

A

Muscle hypertrophy (due to increased muscle size)
Increase in strength and endurance
Increase in bone density

46
Q

Connection point between 2 nerve cells

A

Synapse or Neuronal junction

47
Q

Connection point between neuron and muscle cell

A

Neuromuscular junction

48
Q

Motor unit recruitment

A

The activation of additional motor units to accomplish an increase in contractile strength in a muscle

GAP Lecture Exam 2 (5 decks)

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