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BIO 335 Genetics > Exam 2 Prep > Flashcards

Exam 2 Prep Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

T/F All transcribed RNAs are translated.

A

F

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2
Q

T/F All RNAs undergo RNA editing.

A

F

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3
Q

T/F A 7-methylguanosine cap is necessary for an mRNA to leave the nucleus.

A

T

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4
Q

T/F Polyadenylation primarily occurs in the cytoplasm.

A

F

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5
Q

T/F A precursor tRNA molecule is cut with exonucleases and endonucleases to produce a mature tRNA.

A

T

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6
Q

T/F The length of the poly A tail affects the stability of the mRNA.

A

T

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7
Q

Arrange the following in the proper sequence in which they occur during RNA splicing:
1. Lariat is formed
2. U2 binds to branch site
3. 3’ splice site is cut

A

2,1,3

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8
Q

For a protein-encoding gene, what marks the start and end of the DNA region that will be transcribed?

A

A promoter and a terminator

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9
Q

Splicing joins together _________.

A

two exons

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10
Q

T/F It is possible to get more than one protein product from a eukaryotic pre-mRNA.

A

T

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11
Q

Where does splicing occur in the cell?

A

The nucleus

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12
Q

Which is a correct statement about Rho independent termination?
A) It does not require a protein.
B) It requires a helicase.
C) It requires a stem loop to form in the RNA.
D) It requires a G/C rich DNA/RNA hybrid to form.

A

C

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13
Q

T/F The terminator of a gene is located upstream of the coding region.

A

F

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14
Q

The enzyme that accomplishes transcription is termed _________

A

RNA polymerases

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15
Q

Which of the following best describes transcription?

A

A section of DNA is read and used to create a strand of RNA.

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16
Q

Transcription factors are proteins that _________.

A

bind to specific DNA recognition sequences in the promoter or enhancer elements of a gene

regulate the transcription of genes

17
Q

Is the promoter sequence part of the DNA that is transcribed?

A

Neither the -35 nor the -10 sequences are present on the new transcript.

18
Q

A prokaryotic promoter is shown. Where does transcription start?

A

Transcription starts at +1 site

19
Q

Look at the sequences in the figure. They all represent different bacterial promoter regions.

Which of the sequences listed below is the best consensus

A

TTGACA

20
Q

T/F The RNA transcript being produced by the RNA polymerase is complementary to the template strand of the DNA.

A

T

21
Q

T/F Unwinding of the DNA during prokaryotic transcription is the result of the activity of a helicase enzyme downstream of the RNA polymerase.

A

F

22
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding sigma factor?
a.) It is involved in the termination of replication.
b.) It recognizes the promoter region.
c.) It forms an open complex.
d.) It forms mRNA.

A

It recognizes the promoter region.

23
Q

The Rho protein is involved in the _________blank stage of transcription.

A

Termination

24
Q

The central dogma describes the flow of information in a biological system. For a protein coding gene, what process converts the gene sequence in the DNA into an mRNA?

A

Transcription

25
Q

A gene is defined as a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product. Is the functional product always a protein?

A

No

26
Q

Which of the following RNA molecules is translated into a polypeptide?

A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C

A

A mRNA

27
Q

Which of the following are included in a bacterial transcriptional unit?

A. Promoter
B. Terminator
C. Regulatory sequences
D. A and B
E A, B, and C

A

E. A, B, and C

28
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of initiation of transcription in bacteria?

A. The core RNA polymerase forms the closed complex at the promoter.
B. After binding by the RNA polymerases, the DNA is opened at the -35 sequence of the promoter.
C. Sigma is released following the formation of the open complex and synthesis of a short strand of RNA
D. RNA polymerase binds to a stem-loop formed at the promoter in the DNA.

A

C.

29
Q

T/F A newly synthesized strand of RNA has the same sequence as the coding strand of DNA except the thymine in the DNA are uracils in the RNA.

A

T

30
Q

Which mechanisms of transcription termination in bacteria requires formation of stem-loop in the RNA?

A

Rho-dependent and Rho-independent termination

31
Q

Transcription initiation in eucaryotes requires multiple transcription factors. Which of the following is required to bind to the promoter region first to get the process started?

A

TFIID

32
Q
A

BIO 335 Genetics (4 decks)

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