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CV > Exam 2 Pharm > Flashcards

Exam 2 Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Parasympathetic NT(s)

A

ACh

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2
Q

Parasympathetic receptors

A

mAChR

nAChR

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3
Q

Sympathetic NT(s)

A

NE, Epi, DA, ACh

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4
Q

What type of receptors are found on postganglionic neurons?

A

nAChR

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5
Q

How is parasympathetic innervation of the heart achieved?

A

Cholinergic neuron synapses on cardiac tissue. Uses ACh as NT, acts on mAChR on cardiac cells

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6
Q

Sympathetic innervation of sweat glands

A

ACh is the NT, acts via mAChR

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7
Q

Sympathetic innervation of cardiac tissue

A

NT is Norepi, acts on α and β adrenergic receptors

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8
Q

Sympathetic innervation of renal vascular smooth muscle

A

NT is dopamine, acts through D1 receptors

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9
Q

Innervation of adrenal medulla

A

NT is ACh, acts through nAChR

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10
Q

Innervation of somatic mm

A

NT is ACh, acts through nAChR

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11
Q

Cholinomimetics

A

Muscarinic agonists

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

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12
Q

Muscarinic agonists

A

Acetylcholine

Bethanechol

Methacholine

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13
Q

Bethanechol

A

Selective direct-acting mAChR agonist that primarily affects urinary and GI tracts

Not susceptible to cholinesterase

Has little to no nicotinic effect

Used to treat urinary retention or heartburn

Little cardiovascular effect

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14
Q

Methacholine

A

Selective, potent, direct-acting mAChR agonist

No nicotinic action

Used to diagnose bronchial airway hyperreactivity

Minimal susceptibility to cholinesterase

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15
Q

Major uses of direct-acting cholinergic agonists

A

Diseases of the eye (ex. glaucoma)

GI/GU disorders

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16
Q

Muscarinic antagonists

A

Atropine

Ipratropium bromide

Tiotropium

17
Q

Atropine

A

Derived from deadly nightshade

Muscarinic antagonist used to increase heart rate

Functions through blocking vagal (parasympathetic) tone

No direct effect on vasculature

18
Q

Ipratropium and Tiotropium

A

Synthetic mAChR antagonists

Inhaled drugs used to treat respiratory disorders, i.e. COPD

Tiotropium has a longer half-life

CV (4 decks)

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