exam 2 peds review Flashcards
What does peristalsis mean?
wavelike movement that helps squeeze food along the entire length of the alimentary tract
what’s the main site of absorption?
large intestine
what are some medications a child could be on that is causing them diarrhea?
antibiotics
laxative
its important to note that acute diarrhea is self limited within what time frame?
14 days, 2 weeks
what is the therapeutic management we will do to these children with diarrhea?
fluid & electrolyte balance
rehydration
reintroduction of an adequate diet
what is the best “medicine” to give to kids to help with vomit and diarrhea when it comes to oral rehydration therapy?
pedialyte
what is a newborn first poop?
and when should it come out ?
meconium
24-36hours of life
what is meconium plug?
how can we help?
what is meconium ileus?
how can we help?
this is the first sign of ^
obstruction near the butt
irrigation with water
obstruction inside the intestine
- surgical removal
first sign of cystic fibrisos
what are two medications we can do to help with constipatoin?
miralax and enemas
obviously the recommendation to help with constipation is fiber, how much per day is recommended?
age in years + 5g of fiber per day
what are medications and position we will give children with vomit?
zofran & oral rehydration therapy
up right position
what is Hirschsprung disease
( congenital aganglonic megacolon )?
congenital issue where obstruction occurs due to the lack of ganglion cells in an area of the intestine
what is the biggest clinical manifestation of HD ?
ribbon like foul stool
what is the treatment for HD?
surgery
what is GERD?
inappropriate transient relaxation of LES
remember how LES relaxes to let food pass and then contracts to close up , but during GERD it doesn’t contract and food content goes up
what type of foods will a child avoid with GERD?
caffeine
citrus
alcohol
peppermints
spicy foods
how should a child be feed with Gerd
how should a child be given food?
upright positioning
small and frequent
what medications is given to help with Gerd?
pepcids
what might be a surgery we will do to help with GERD when it gives severe?
fundoplication
( we wrap a bit of the stomach around the esophagus )
what is irritable bowel syndrome?
often alternating diarrhea and constipation
what is the difference between
acute appendicitis and ruptured appendix?
acute appendicitis is the inflammation of vermiform appendix
ruptured is the opening of the appendix perforation
what does peritonitis mean?
inflammation that spreads rapidly throughout the abdomen
what is the biggest clinical manifestation of appendicitis?
mcburney point
rebound tenderness
cramping
where is the mcburney point?
2/3 away from the umbilicus in the right lower quadrant