Exam 2 Lecture 11

Question 1

What processes determine currentpopulation size (Nt)?

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What effects the rate of Change?

Answer 2

N(t-1) 2

Question 3

What does this question help us determine? What processes determine future population size?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Life table numbers that must be observed

Answer 4

Number alive and fecundity

Question 5

calculate survivorship (lx)

Answer 5

alive / # started in cohort

Question 6

calculate mortality rate (mx)

Answer 6

Mortality from one period to the next: 1-survival rate(sx)

Question 7

calculate survival rate (sx)

Answer 7

Survivorship from one period to the next: survivorship from next age class/survivorship from this age class

Question 8

calculate Net reproductive rate (R0)

Answer 8

5 Sum (∑) of the average number of offspring produced by each individual in each age class(mx), weighted by the proportion surviving in each age class (Lx)

Question 9

What is a fecundity schedule

Answer 9

Fecundity schedule = age-specific birth rates over lifespan;

Question 10

calculate the fecundity schedule7

Answer 10

6

Question 11

R₀>1

Answer 11

population is growing

Question 12

R0​=1

Answer 12

population is stable

Question 13

R0​<1

Answer 13

population is decreasing

Question 14

R₀=∑L_xm_{<span>x</span>}

1. What is R_{0<span>?</span>}
2. What is L_{<span>x?</span>}
3. What is m_{<span>x</span>}

Answer 14

R₀=∑L_xm_{<span>x</span>}

1. R₀ is the avg number of offspring produced/indiviual lifetime
2. L_{<span>x is the survivorship for the age class</span>}
3. m_{<span>x </span>}is the average number of offspring produced for the age class

Question 15

what is a fecundity schedule?

Answer 15

l_xm_{x for each age class}

1

Question 16

What is a Geometric rate of increase for non-overlapping generations?

Answer 16

Future population size divided by current population size

2

Question 17

Calculate the future population size for a non-overlapping generation

Answer 17

multiply the current population by the net reproductive rate

3

Question 18

4

Answer 18

5

Question 19

What else will increase with geometric growth rate?

Answer 19

fecundity ₍m_x)

Question 20

1

Answer 20

7

Question 21

How does reproductive rate affect population growth?

Answer 21

With lower reproduction, there are less decendents
with higher reproduction, there are more decendets

2

Question 22

# define Generation Time (T)
T is used for

Answer 22

average time from birth to when an organism reproduces\

or

average age of first ime mothers

OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS

Question 23

Formula for geneartion time

Answer 23

T=∑XL_xm_x/R₀

L_x=Survivorship

M_x=Birth Rate

L_xm_x=Fecundity schedule

X=age class

R₀=net reproductive rate

Question 24

Define r and when iti is used

Answer 24

The per capita rate of population growth
used for OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS

Question 25

formula for per capita rate of population growth

Answer 25

r=Ln(R₀)/T
Ln=natural logarithm

R₀=net rate of reproduction

T=Generation time=∑XLxmx/R0

FOR OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS

Question 26

r>0

Answer 26

popoulation is growing

Question 27

r=0

Answer 27

popoulation is stable

Question 28

r<0

Answer 28

popoulation is declining

Question 29

How does generation time affect population growth?

Answer 29

OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS

3

Same time span, same

reproductive rate, longer

generation time, fewer

individuals

Question 30

λ vs r:

Measures

Answer 30

Question 31

λ vs r:

Used to model

Answer 31

Question 32

λ vs r:

What is it?

Answer 32

Question 33

λ vs r:

Estimated by

Answer 33

Question 34

λ vs r:

population doesn’t change when

Answer 34

Question 35

λ vs r:

population increases when

Answer 35

Question 36

λ vs r:

population decreases when

Answer 36

Question 37

1

Answer 37

2

Question 38

Body size is_________with

generation time

Answer 38

positively correllated

3

Question 39

Unrestricted population growth is…

Answer 39

exponential

4

Question 40

Human population growth is….

Answer 40

“exponential”

5

Question 41

Environemtnal factors _______growth

Answer 41

limit exponential

6

Question 42

Density-dependent factor examples

Answer 42

Disease, resource competition, predation

Question 43

Density independent factor examples

Answer 43

Natural disasters (e.g., flood, hurricane)

Question 44

Define Density dependent factors

Answer 44

Influence a population in proportion to its size

Negative feedback; Population regulation

Question 45

define Density independent factors

Answer 45

Influence a population regardless of population size

Influence growth rate, but do not regulate population

Question 46

logistic population growth curve

Answer 46

Sigmoid (S-shaped) population growth curve

Question 47

Define logistic population growth

Answer 47

Reflects the carrying capacity (the K in K-selected species

Question 48

Answer 48

Nesting sites are limited to a particular species of tree

Question 49

Equation for a Logistic population growth curve

Answer 49

dN/dt = rN(1-N/K)

dN/dt is instantatneous growth rate

rN is exponential growth

(1-N/K) is limits on exponential growth made by K

Question 50

When does the right side of the equation equal 0

Answer 50

When N nears K

Question 51

Where is population growth rate the highest?

Answer 51

9

Answer 52