Exam 2 Immune Mediated Diseases Flashcards
Which of the following is false regarding IMHA?
a. Associated with a Type 3 HST reaction
b. Primary IMHA have a mortality between 21 and 83%
c. Half of the deaths are associated with thromboembolism
d. Cocker spaniel female dogs are more commonly affected
a. Associated with a Type 3 HST reaction
**Type 2 HST reaction
Which immunoglobuins predominate IMHA?
IgM and IgG
True/False: splenomegaly and hepatomegaly are assocaited with intravascular hemolysis.
False
**extravascular hemolysis, IV hemolysis causes Hgbinemia and Hgburia
With extravascular hemolysis ___ attach to the RBC and with intravascular hemolysis ___ attach to the RBC.
Extravascular = IgG Intravascular = IgM
True/False: The majority of canine and feline IMHA are secondary.
False
**primary/ idiopathic
Which of the following is not seen on diagnostics with IMHA?
a. Left shift neutrophilia
b. Hemolysis
c. Spherocytosis
d. Decreased reticulocytes
e. Incrased normoblast (nRBC)
d. Decreased reticulocytes
**increased reticulocytes
Which test looks for direct auto-antibodies against erythrocytes?
Coomb’s test
When calculating a blood transfusoin in dogs what is the k value that we used? What is the value in cats? What is the PCV required for both?
Dogs: 90
Cats: 66
Required PCV = 25%
Which of the following is false regarding blood groups?
a. DEA 4 is the universal donor in dogs
b. Type A blood is more common in cats
c. DEA 1.1 positive is good and its the one dogs will most likely react to
d. First time recipients can get any blood group
c. DEA 1.1 positive is good and its the one dogs will most likely react to
**DEA 1.1 negative
What is the best immmunosuppressive drug that can be combined with azathioprine?
Prednisolone
What drug can be used to prevent coagulopathy and is better than aspirin?
Unfractionated heparin
When using unfractionated heparin we need to monitor factor ___ levels to prevent bleeding
factor X
What three things are most deaths of IMHA attributed to?
Thromboembolism, renal failure, liver disease
Which of the following is not seen with DIC?
a. Increased FDP
b. Prolonged PTT
c. Thrombocytopenia
d. Decreased FDP
d. Decreased FDP
An 18 kg dog is diagnosed with primary IMHA. Its PCV is currently 12% and you use packed RBC (PCV 70%). How much blood is required in mL?
300.8 mL
Primary hemostasis refers to the action of what three things culminating in the formation of a platelet plug?
Platelets
von-Willebrand factor
Blood vessel wall
Platelet formation is mediated through which hormone produced in the liver and kidneys?
Thrombopoietin
A dog presents to your clinic reluctant to walk, stiff and has a high grade fever. You aspirate one of the multiple swollen joints in his limbs and notice that neutrophils are the cells that predominate. What is at the top of your diagnosis list?
a. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
b. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
c. Immune mediated polyarthritis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosis
c. Immune mediated polyarthritis
A dog walks into your clinic and presents with petechia, echymosis, and epistaxis. His platelet count is <30,000. What is at the top of your diagnosis list?
a. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
b. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
c. Immune mediated polyarthritis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosis
b. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
A dog comes into your clinic presenting with dyspnea, anorexia, icterus, PU/PD. You decide to do a blood smear because you believe he is anemic and you see spherocytes and increased normoblasts. What is your diagnosis?
a. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
b. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
c. Immune mediated polyarthritis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosis
a. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
You have a 3 year old dog that comes into your clinic presenting with lameness, skin lesions, fever and renal disease. What is at the top of your diagnosis list?
a. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
b. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
c. Immune mediated polyarthritis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosis
Which of the following breeds is not predisposed to von-Willebrands disease?
a. Dobermans
b. Bernese mountain dogs
c. German Shepherds
d. West highland white terrier
e. Goldendoodle
c. German Shepherds
What can be used 30 minutes prior to surgery in a dog with Von-Willebrand’s disease to improve hemostatic function?
Desmopressin
What is the 1st line treatment used to treat ITP?
Glucocorticoids and vincristine
Which of the following is the best first line therapy if glucocorticoids are contraindicated?
a. Azathioprine
b. Cyclophosphamide
c. Cyclosporine
d. Mycophenolate mofetil
d. Mycophenolate mofetil
Which of the following is the best source of PLT’s?
a. Lyophilized PLT
b. Packed RBC
c. Fresh whole blood
d. Fresh PLT rich plasma
c. Fresh whole blood
What breed is associated with non-erosive primary ITP?
Shar-Pei
Which breed is associated to have a poor prognosis with erosive ITP?
Greyhound
What are the two forms of feline periosteal proliferative arthritis?
Marked periosteal proliferation
Minimal periosteal new bone (rheumatoid arthritis)
True/False: With SLE we need at least two separate manifestations of autoimmunity and the presence of antinuclear antibodies.
True
What diagnostic test is used for SLE?
ANA titers
Which of the following is true regarding treatment of SLE?
a. Mycophenolate mofetil can be used in cats
b. Chlorambucil can be used in dogs
c. Triamcinolone or dexamethasone can be used in dogs that don’t respond to prednisolone
d. Triamcinolone or dexamethasone can be used in cats that don’t respond to prednisolone
d. Triamcinolone or dexamethasone can be used in cats that don’t respond to prednisolone