Exam 2 Hypertension

Question 1

hypertension

Answer 1

high blood pressure

Question 2

systolic blood pressure

Answer 2

BP when the heart contracts; the top #

Question 3

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 3

BP when the heart is resting

Question 4

hypertension levels

Answer 4

systolic: 130+
diastolic: 80+

Question 5

diuretics MOA

Answer 5

-increases urine flow
-lowers blood pressure by reducing the fluid inside blood vessels
-increase Na+ excretion–> hyponatremia

Question 6

hyponatremia

Answer 6

low sodium in the blood

Question 7

high sodium levels

Answer 7

hypernatremia

Question 8

diuretics indications

Answer 8

hypertension and edema

Question 9

edema

Answer 9

excess accumulation of fluid in the body

Question 10

micturition

Answer 10

urination

Question 11

warnings for diuretics

Answer 11

most diuretics contain sulfa moiety, which should be watched in patients with sulfa allergies

Question 12

thiazide diuretics

Answer 12

potassium depleting diuretics that excrete potassium, sodium, and water

Question 13

examples of thiazide diuretics

Answer 13

hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, chlorthalidone, metolazone

Question 14

which is the most preferred thiazide diuretic?

Answer 14

chlorthalidone

Question 15

important patient-counseling for thiazide diuretics

Answer 15

can cause photosensitivity

Question 16

hypokalemia levels

Answer 16

low levels of potassium in the blood that can cause weakness and leg cramps

Question 17

loop diuretics

Answer 17

potassium depleting diuretics that can cause hypokalemia

Question 18

examples of loop diuretics

Answer 18

furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide

Question 19

furosemide

Answer 19

Lasix

Question 20

bumetanide

Answer 20

Bumex

Question 21

warnings for loop diuretics

Answer 21

electrolyte depletion and dehydration if given in excessive amounts

Question 22

when should loop diuretics be taken?

Answer 22

in the morning

Question 23

potassium sparing diuretics MOA

Answer 23

-does not excrete potassium in urine
-increase K+ level

Question 24

examples of potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 24

spironolactone, eplerenone, triamterene

Question 25

which potassium diuretic is added to hydrochlorothiazide?

Answer 25

triamterene

Question 26

Maxzide

Answer 26

triamterene and hctz

Question 27

arrhythmia

Answer 27

irregular heart beat due to hyperkalemia

Question 28

warnings for spironolactone

Answer 28

can cause gynecomastia (male breast injury)

Question 29

potassium sparing diuretics do not contain

Answer 29

sulfa moiety

Question 30

Antihypertensives MOA

Answer 30

reduces blood pressure

Question 31

Antihypertensive classes

Answer 31

-ACE inhibitors -ARBs -Calcium Channel Blockers -Beta Blockers

Question 32

ACE inhibitors

Answer 32

antihypertensive class that ends in -pril

Question 33

ACE inhibitors examples

Answer 33

trandolapril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril, benazepril, captopril

Question 34

Altace

Answer 34

ramipril

Question 35

Lotensin

Answer 35

benazepril

Question 36

Lotensin HCT

Answer 36

benazepril and hydrochlorothiazide diuretic

Question 37

Lisinopril/hctz

Answer 37

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide diuretic

Question 38

Vaseretic

Answer 38

enalapril and hctz

Question 39

Lotrel

Answer 39

benazepril and amlodipine

Question 40

MOA of ACE inhibitors

Answer 40

RAAS cleaves to angiotensinogen to for ang I and ACE coverts ang II

Question 41

ang II _______ BP

Answer 41

increases

Question 42

when less ang II is formed, less vasocontriction

Answer 42

BP will fall

Question 43

indications for ACE inhibitors

Answer 43

HTN, heart failure, heart attack

Question 44

BBW for ACE inhibitors

Answer 44

should discontinue as soon as possible when pregnancy is detected

Question 45

Contraindications for ACE inhibitors

Answer 45

use with ARBs if you have angioedema

Question 46

angioedema

Answer 46

swelling in deep layers of skin due to allergic reasons

Question 47

Counseling for ACE inhibitors

Answer 47

dry cough, angioedema, protects the kidney

Question 48

captopril decreases

Answer 48

food absorption

Question 49

ARBs

Answer 49

-antihypertensive drug class with drugs ending in -sartan

Question 50

MOA of ARBs

Answer 50

block the ang II receptor and decreases blood pressure

Question 51

Indications for ARBs

Answer 51

hypertension and cardiovascular diseases

Question 52

BBW for ARBs

Answer 52

discontinue if pregnant; can cause injury and death to fetus

Question 53

Contraindications of ARBs

Answer 53

use with ACE inhibitors if you have angioedema

Question 54

Micardis

Answer 54

telmisartan

Question 55

olmesartan

Answer 55

Benicar

Question 56

losartan

Answer 56

Cozaar

Question 57

Diovan

Answer 57

valsartan

Question 58

Atacand

Answer 58

candesartan

Question 59

Exforge

Answer 59

valsartan and amoldipine

Question 60

Micardis HCT

Answer 60

telmisartan and hctz

Question 61

Exforge HCT

Answer 61

valsartan, amodipine, and hctz

Question 62

Azor

Answer 62

olmesartan and amlodipine

Question 63

calcium channel blockers

Answer 63

antihypertensive group that prevents calcium from going into the channel; vasodilation

Question 64

indication of calcium channel blockers

Answer 64

hypertension and angina

Question 65

angina

Answer 65

chest pain caused by reduced blood flow

Question 66

Counseling for calcium channel blockers

Answer 66

may cause swelling of the ankles

Question 67

3 types of calcium channel blockers

Answer 67

phenylalkylamines, benzothiapines, dihydropyridines

Question 68

phenylalkamines examples

Answer 68

verapamil

Question 69

benzothiapines

Answer 69

diltiazem

Question 70

dihydropyridines

Answer 70

amlodipine, nifedipine, nisoldipine

Question 71

diltiazem

Answer 71

Cardizem

Question 72

Norvasc

Answer 72

amlodipine

Question 73

Procardia XL

Answer 73

nifedipine

Question 74

Sular

Answer 74

nisoldipine

Question 75

Lotrel

Answer 75

amlodipine, benazepril,

Question 76

Caudet

Answer 76

amlodipine and atorvasatin

Question 77

indication for Caudet

Answer 77

hypertension and hyperlipidemia

Question 78

Beta Blockers

Answer 78

antihypertensive drugs that end -olol

Question 79

Beta blockers MOA

Answer 79

slows heart rate and causes vasodilation

Question 80

Indications for Beta Blockers

Answer 80

hypertension, tachycardia, heart failure, MI

Question 81

BBW for Beta Blockers

Answer 81

don't discontinue abruptly (can lead to increased HTN)

Question 82

Contraindications for Beta Blockers

Answer 82

can lead to brachycardia

Question 83

Counseling for Beta Blockers

Answer 83

fatigue, dizziness, amd brachycardia

Question 84

Misc. antihypertensives

Answer 84

clonidine and hydralazine

Question 85

MOA for clonidine

Answer 85

vasodilator

Question 86

how is clonidine administered?

Answer 86

oral tablet- BID transdermal patch- once a week in 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, or 0.3 mg/24 hours

Question 87

how is hydralazine administered?

Answer 87

oral tablet- QID

Question 88

atenolol

Answer 88

Tenormin

Question 89

nadolol

Answer 89

Corgard

Question 90

nebivolol

Answer 90

Bystolic

Question 91

bisoprolol

Answer 91

no brand name

Question 92

metoprolol succinate

Answer 92

Toprol XL

Question 93

how many times is metoprolol succinate administered?

Answer 93

once a day

Question 94

Lopressor

Answer 94

metoprolol tartrate

Question 95

how many times is metoprolol tartrate administered?

Answer 95

twice a day

Question 96

propranolol

Answer 96

Inderal LA

Question 97

carvediol

Answer 97

Coreg *dosed BID with IR tablet and SID with capsule*

Question 98

Ziac

Answer 98

bisoprolol and htcz (K+ depleting)

Question 99

Tenoretic

Answer 99

atenolol and chlorthalidione

Question 100

T/F: ACE inhibitors and ARBs can be taken together

Answer 100

False: ARBs is alternative of ACE