Exam 2 (Hormones)

Question 1

MSH

Answer 1

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Melanocytes (skin cells)
Action: Increased pigmentation

Question 2

Aldosterone

Answer 2

Source: Adrenal cortex
Target: Kidneys
Action: Conserve Na/H20, excrete K, maintain BP/vol

Question 3

Testosterone

Answer 3

Source: Testes
Target: Cells of testes
Action: Spermatogenesis, secondary sex characteristic, increase in bone/muscle, regulate libido

Question 4

Cortisol

Answer 4

Source: Adrenal cortex
Target: Immune system, liver, heart, uterus
Action: Anti-inflammatory, gluconeogenesis, breakdown lipids/proteins, resist stress

Question 5

Oxytocin

Answer 5

Source: Posterior Pituitary Gland
Target: Uterus and mammary glands
Action: Contraction (birth and guides spermatozoa), milk let down

Question 6

ACTH

Answer 6

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Cortex of the adrenal gland
Action: Production of cortisol and aldosterone, growth/development of adrenal cortex

Question 7

Insulin

Answer 7

Source: Pancreas
Target: Cell membranes
Action: Membrane becomes permeable to glucose, amino/fatty acids, decreased

Question 8

Prolactin

Answer 8

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Mammary glands
Action: Initiates and maintains milk production

Question 9

LH

Answer 9

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Female: Ovaries, Males: Testes
Action: Ovulation, production of testosterone by interstitial cells

Question 10

Calcitonin

Answer 10

Source: Thyroid gland
Target: Osteoblasts
Action: Stimulate uptake of Ca, decreased blood Ca levels

Question 11

GH/STH

Answer 11

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Bones and muscles
Action: Growth of skeletal muscle, regulates metabolism

Question 12

Estrogen

Answer 12

Source: Ovaries
Target: Female reproductive structures
Action: Maintenance of reproductive structures, increased protein anabolism, decreased blood cholesterol

Question 13

TSH

Answer 13

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Thyroid
Action: Stimulates growth and development of thyroid gland and secretion of T3 and T4

Question 14

Thyroxin (T3 and T4)

Answer 14

Source: Thyroid
Target: All cells
Action: Increase rate of metabolism, normal growth, maturation of the nervous system

Question 15

Glucagon

Answer 15

Source: Pancreas
Target: Liver
Action: Stimulate breakdown of glycogen, increased glucose levels

Question 16

ADH

Answer 16

Source: Posterior anterior gland
Target: Kidneys
Action: Retention of water, decreased urine output

Question 17

Epinephrine

Answer 17

Source: Adrenal medulla
Target: Cardiovascular, respiratory, liver
Action: Increased HR, RR and BP, breaks down glycogen- release glucose in blood

Question 18

Progesterone

Answer 18

Source: Ovaries
Target: Female reproductive structures
Action: Prepares endometrium for implantation, milk secretion

Question 19

FSH

Answer 19

Source: Anterior pituitary gland
Target: Female: Ovaries, Males: Testes
Action: Gland of follicles, sperm production

Question 20

PTH

Answer 20

Source: Parathyroid glands
Target: Osteoclast
Action: Increased Ca levels, breakdown of bone