Exam 2: GI/GU/MSK Flashcards
Crepitation
Cracking or grating sound due to irregularities on joint surfaces.
Range of Motion
Degree of motion of a joint
Muscle Strength
Test by applying an opposing force to the muscle group.
Muscle Tone
Tension in resting muscle
Muscle Mass
Size of the muscle
Flexion:
Bending a limb at a joint.
Extension:
Straightening of a limb at a joint.
Abduction:
Movement of a limb away from midline
Adduction:
Movement of a limb toward central axis of body or beyond.
Internal rotation:
Turning of a body part inward toward the central axis.
External rotation:
Turning of a body part away from midline.
Circumduction:
Movement in a circular pattern.
RUQ
Gallbladder, Liver, Head of
Pancreas, Part of Ascending and
Transverse Colon, R kidney, small intestine
LUQ
Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Body of
Pancreas, Part of Transverse and
Descending Colon, small intestine
LLQ
Part of Descending Colon, L
Ovary and Tube, L ureter, small intestine
RLQ
Appendix, R Ovary and Tube, R
ureter, small intestine
Start auscultation here - ileocecal valve
Midline
Aorta, Uterus (if enlarged),
Bladder (if distended)
Subjective data for GI exam
Pain
Appetite
Dysphagia (trouble swallowing)
Food intolerance
N/V/D
Bowel movement
Past abd. hx
Meds (NSAIDs -> ulcers, pain -> GI motility)
Nutrition
Subjective data for MSK exam
- Joint pain? PQRSTU
- Muscle pain (myalgia)? Weakness?
- Bone pain or deformity?
- Any accidents or trauma affecting bones, joints, muscles?
- Functional assessment: Do your joint, muscle, and/or bone problems affect your activities of daily living (ADLs)?
- Any occupational hazards that would affect muscles or joints?
Changes in function? affects ADLs
Ankylosis
chronic inflammation can lead to fixed joint from bones growing together
Glenohumeral joint
Shoulder
Striae
stretch marks on skin
Why do we have referred pain?
Fetal nerve pathways
