Exam 2 (Geology) Flashcards
What is Stratigraphy?
The layers of the earth/rocks
Approximately How old is the Earth?
4.5 Billion years old.
What is Igneous Rock?
Rock that comes from Magma
What is Intrusive Igneous?
Rocks that cool slowly. Big Crystals
What are three examples of Intrusive Igneous Rocks?
Granite, Diorite, Gabro
What is created in Tectonic Processes?
Mountains?
What is Extrusive Igneous?
Igneous rocks that cooled quickly, small/no crystals
What is the most common Intrusive Igneous Rock?
Basalt
What is the Hawaiian Word for Ropey Lava?
Pa hoe hoe (paw-ah-oy-oy)
What is the Hawaiian word for Blocky/Chunky Lava?
AA (Ah-Ah)
What is a Rock?
A collection of minerals.
What is a mineral?
A collection of elements
What is an element?
A collection of atoms.
What is unique about Vesicular Basalt?
It is porous from VOGs
What are VOGs?
Volcanic Out Gassing
What is Obsidian?
Volcanic Glass, full of silicates
What is Pumice?
Spun Volcanic Glass
What are Sedimentary Rocks named for?
Particle Size
How are Sedimentary Rocks layered?
Oldest sediments on the bottom, newest on the top.
What is Coqina made of?
Seashells and Sandstone
What is Conglamerate made of?
Rounded Pebbles mixed with sand and mud
What is Travertine?
Layered Rock
What is Limestone made of?
Fossilized Plankton
What kind of rocks aren’t associated with Oceanography?
Metamorphic
What is a Mid-Ocean Ridge?
Seafloor spreading center. Caused by a Divergent plate boundary
What did Vine/Matthews discover?
When a rock is superheated and cools it will take on the magnetic stripe.
