Exam 1 (History) Flashcards
What is special about the Black Sea?
It has little oxygen, preventing sunken ships from decaying.
What is Greece credited for?
The earliest recorded exploration
What is special about the Red Sea?
High amounts of Red Bloom/Red Tide
What did Pytheas discover after leaving Greece
Iceland
What did Pytheas use for Navigation?
The North Star (Polaris)
What was Pytheas’s legacy in terms of navigation
First to suggest that Celestial Object could be used for Navigation.
What did the greek philosopher Strabo discover?
He discovered that “The Earth was changing”
What was Seneca famous for?
Discovering the Water Cycle
Explain the Water Cycle
Evaporation -> Condensation -> Precipitation
What lands did Norse explorers discover?
Iceland and Greenland
Where did Erik the Red sail from and what did he discover?
Greenland to Modern Day British Virgin Isles
Where did Erikson leave from and Discover?
Vineland to Newfoundland
What event prompted the “Age of Discovery?”
Mohammed II captured Constantinople (Istanbul) from the Romans and blocked trade caravans through Turkey.
In 1486 what did the Explorer Diaz set out to discover.
Left Portugal for The cape of Good Hope (South Africa)
In 1498 Where did Vasco DaGama set out to discover and establish?
A route from Portugal to India. Established the Trade Outpost of Goa
What did Columbus seek to discover?
An alternate quicker route to India, sailed directly west and landed likely in the Carribean
What civilization did Hernan Cortès discover?
Aztec Empire
What did Magellan set out to do?
Circumnavigate the World
What is the “Strait of Magellan?”
Canal in South America, between the Big Horn and Mainland
How did Magellan die?
Aiding a tribe of natives in the Philippines combating another tribe in exchange for converting to catholicism. Was killed in action, along with most of his crew.
Who was DelCano? And what was he famous for?
Magellan’s 3rd mate promoted to captain. Successfully returned to Spain with aid of the Philippine natives. Finished Magellan’s journey.
Who was Sir Francis Drake?
A captain of the British Royal Navy hired by Queen Elizabeth I to pirate Spanish ships.
What was Halley famous for? (other then the comet)
Created Isogenes, lines affecting equal points of magnetism.
What land did Captain Cook discover on his first expedition? (3 parts)
New Zealand
Australia
Great Barrier Reef
What did Captain Cook discover on his 2nd Expedition? (3 parts)
Antarctica
New Georgia Isles
Sandwich Islands
What disease did Capt. Cook and what was the cure?
Scurvy
Limes (Vitamin C)
What was the purpose of Capt. Cook’s 3rd Voyage?
To find a Northwest Passage around Canada through the Arctic Ocean.
Who tried attempted to go across the Arctic Ocean previously?
Hudson
What did Cook discover on his 3rd expedition?
Hawaii
What is Maury credited with? (4 Parts)
Establishing the Naval Academy
Establishing a Trade Route with China
Recording of Meteorology
And the first modern Oceanographer
What was C. Wyville Thompson credited for?
Traveling across the world cataloguing many new species and publishing his work (The Challenger Report) became the first modern Marine Biologist.
What was important about the Voyage of The Meteor?
First ship to employ the use of SONAR to explore the bottom of the sea.
