Exam 2 - Fluids & Electrolytes

Question 1

What is a isotonic solution?

Answer 1

“same”
0.9% NS
lactated ringers
D5W

Question 2

what is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 2

solution is higher than cell solution

water moves out of cells & cell shrinks because fluid leaves

Question 3

What is a hypotonic solution?

Answer 3

solution is lower than cell solution
0.3% or 0.45% NS
water moves into the cell and can cause cellular swelling

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

movement of water across cell membranes

Question 5

RAAS cycle

Answer 5

ADH (secreted by pituitary gland) - controls what?
then the kidneys react if they feel like they aren’t getting enough blood perfusion, they - renin, which goes to lungs to become angiotension 1 - then ACE is present so angiotension II then vasoconstrictor, initiate thirst, increase water resorption, stimulates aldosterone

Question 6

ANP

Answer 6

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

Secreted by cells in the atriums of heart - it stops secretion of renin and ADH & reabsorption of sodium and water

Question 7

How electrolytes move

Answer 7

diffusion - high to low
filtration - high to low
active transport - low to high, requires energy electricity