Exam 2 Content

Question 1

social influence

Answer 1

real or imagined pressure to change behavior

Question 2

social support

Answer 2

most important social influence that provides care, comfort, assistance, or info (measured by size of network and amount of support received)

Question 3

5 types of social support

Answer 3

1. instrumental- practical assistance (watching friend’s kids so they can go for a run
2. emotional- encouragement/concern
3. informational- advice/suggestions
4. companionship- gym buddy
5. validation- comparison to gauge progress

Question 4

most effective social supports

Answer 4

-companionship/emotional (more effective in women)
-new exercisers = instrumental
-maintenance = emotional/instrumental

Question 5

2 sources and 2 deterrents of PA from family

Answer 5

partner support + parental support
VS
behavioral reactance (pressure can cause inverse effects) + overprotectedness

Question 6

3 sources of social support

Answer 6

family, health care providers, exercise instructors

Question 7

determinant research & it’s 5 categories

Answer 7

uncover factors that affect exercise behaviors
1. genetics
2. psychological
3. social
4. program
5. physical environment

Question 8

intervention research

Answer 8

manipulate factors that effect behavior (found through determinant research)

Question 9

outcome based exercise intervention

Answer 9

intervention developed and tested if it affects exercise behavior

Question 10

informational approaches

Answer 10

provide info of PA to public by
-arousing concern of inactivity risks
- increasing awareness of PA opportunities
-providing techniques to overcome PA barriers

Question 11

3 types of informational approaches

Answer 11

mass media campaigns, community wide campaigns, and point of decision prompts

Question 12

Mass media campaigns (strengths + weaknesses)

Answer 12

info delivered thru secondary source (social media
-initial increase in PA (ST)
-expensive & not lasting (WK)

Question 13

Community Wide Campaigns

Answer 13

engage community members/organizations to deliver PA info
-increase of time in PA (ST)
-human resources/planning needed (WK)

Question 14

Point of Decision Prompts

Answer 14

motivational cues presented when the choice between active/inactive options exists
-influential for PA (ST)
-only useful when prompt is present (WK)

Question 15

treatment based exercise interventions

Answer 15

modify an individuals life through PA

Question 16

outcome vs treatment based exercise interventions

Answer 16

outcome = does PA work? YES!
treatment = PA helps you by…

Question 17

3 tips for implementing informational interventions (sps)

Answer 17

-tailor PA to specific pop (more meaningful)
-frame messages positively (gain-framed > then loss/fear-framed)
-provide simple info (how to…)

Question 18

how many women does BC impact and how many survivors aren’t meeting PA guidelines?

Answer 18

1/8 women & 70%

Question 19

5 benefits of PA among BC survivors

Answer 19

weight maintenance, pain, improving well being, reduce depression, increased self-esteem

Question 20

personality

Answer 20

stable patterns of thoughts, attitudes, behaviors (unique)

Question 21

temperament

Answer 21

unlearned behaviors/attitudes, traits born with but is a spectrum (sociability, reactivity, etc)

Question 22

4 ways personality develops

Answer 22

1. humanistic approach
2. trait approach
3. social learning approach
4. interactionist approach

Question 23

humanistic approach of personality

Answer 23

focus on personal responsibility and desire for growth, peak is self-actualization

Question 24

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 24

-physiological needs (water)
-safety needs (security)
-belonging/love needs (relationships)
-esteem needs (pride)
-self actualization (FULL POTENTIAL!)

Question 25

trait approach of personality

Answer 25

traits endure over time and dictate behaviors (state=changing vs trait=stable)

Question 26

Big 5 model of personality

Answer 26

1. Openness (uncreative vs imaginative) 2. Conscientiousness (careless vs organized) 3. Extraversion (reserved vs talkative) 4. Agreeableness (critical vs trusting) 5. Neuroticism (calm vs emotional)

Question 27

social learning approach to personality

Answer 27

all behavior learned through experience (situation stronger determinant of personality than traits)

Question 28

Interactionist approach to personality

Answer 28

personal traits AND situational factors impact personality

Question 29

4 functions of youth sport

Answer 29

development, inclusion, prevention, and a hook into PA

Question 30

3 P's of Youth Sport

Answer 30

1. Participation- opportunities for PA 2. Personal development- opportunities for life skills 3. Performance- opportunities for motor/sport skills

Question 31

Positive Youth Development (PYD) Framework

Answer 31

1. strength based approach 2. youths are resources for developing NOT problems that need solving 3. highlights of human plasticity

Question 32

pros/cons of sport on physical health

Answer 32

pros- fitness, weight managing, low risk of disease cons- injury, eating disorders

Question 33

pros/cons of sport on psychological health

Answer 33

pros-increase happiness/confidence cons-decreased self-perception, pressure, burnout

Question 34

pros/cons of sport on social development

Answer 34

pros- positive relationships, leadership cons- aggression, poor sportsmanship

Question 35

life skills

Answer 35

knowledge/skills that aid in life's demands

Question 36

8 life skills in sport

Answer 36

1. Teamwork (cooperation) 2. Goal setting (challenge) 3. Time-management (planning) 4. Emotional skills (understanding) 5. Interpersonal communication (listening) 6. Social Skills (assertiveness) 7. Leadership (role-modeling) 8. Problem solving/decision making (decisiveness)

Question 37

3 ways to learn coaching

Answer 37

-formal (NCCP) -non-formal (CoPs) -informal

Question 38

formal coaching

Answer 38

admission requirements and standardized material that lead to certification

Question 39

3 streams of NCCP

Answer 39

-community (outcome is fun) -competition (outcome is performance) -instruction (outcome is teaching)

Question 40

3 goals of Coaching for Life Skills

Answer 40

1- provide coaches with sound philosophy 2- develop good coach-athlete relationships 3- purposeful targeting of transfer of life skills

Question 41

3 C's + 1 Model

Answer 41

Closeness (emotional), Commitment (cognitive), & Complementarity (behavioral) + Co-Orientation (common views between coach-athlete on 3 C's)

Question 42

SAFE strategy to coaching life skills

Answer 42

Sequenced- step by step Active- learning by doing/practicing Focused- time/attention for LS Explicit- define learning outcomes of LS

Question 43

Non-formal ways to learn to coach

Answer 43

organized learning outside formal system/ organization (CoP's)

Question 44

3 Factors of Communities of Practice (CoP's)

Answer 44

mutual engagement (active role), joint enterprise (common purpose), shared repertoire (commitment to development)

Question 45

Informal Learning

Answer 45

knowledge through lived experiences, usually individual (previous knowledge from sport, peer coach tips, books, internet)