Exam 2 chapters 5-9

Question 1

Know what two dimensions of mind are:

Answer 1

conscoius and unconscious

Question 2

The four basic properties of consciousness are:

Answer 2

intentionality, unity, selectivity, trasience

Question 3

The rebound effect of thought suppression is:

Answer 3

tendency of a though to return to consciousness with greater frequency following suppression, white polar bear

Question 4

In 1957, James Vicary claimed that he flashed the phrases “Eat Popcorn” and “Drink Coke” briefly on-screen during movies. What were the results of this study?

Answer 4

Not true, form of priming, subliminal persuasion

Question 5

Know what a night terror is.

Answer 5

Pre-teen boys, inexplicable terror

Question 6

Know the difference between the manifest and latent content of dreams are.

Answer 6

Manifest=what actually happens, latent=how you interpret

Question 7

Know what psychological dependence is

Answer 7

=strong desire to return to drug even when phsycial withdramwal is gone they still want

Question 8

Know how Amphetamines affect the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.

Answer 8

Increase levels of dop. And norepinephrine.

Question 9

Know how hypnosis affects patients perception of pain.

Answer 9

Reduce perception of pain if person is receptive

Question 10

Know/recognize which types of people are most susceptible to hypnosis.

Answer 10

If you think you might be succeptible you might well be

Question 11

Which type of judgment has research shown to result in better memory for words?

Answer 11

Semantic

Question 12

Brittany is daydreaming in class when her instructor asks her a question. Brittany finds herself replaying in her “mind’s ear” the instructor’s last words, taking advantage of a process called:

Answer 12

echoic memory

Question 13

The brain structure that is believed to act as an index linking information together is the:

Answer 13

hippocampus

Question 14

Emily said that she vividly remembers the day she turned 21. This is an example of a(n):

Answer 14

explicit

Question 15

Know what the term perceptual priming means:

Answer 15

reflects implicit memory for sensory features, more able to think of a stimulus as result of recent exposure to stimulus

Question 16

Know the “seven sins” associated with memory:

Answer 16

Transience, absentmindedness, blocking, memory misattribution, suggestibility, bias, persistence

Question 17

The tendency to reconstruct the past according to what is believed or known today is called?

Answer 17

Change bias

Question 18

A reflexive reaction that is reliably elicited by an unconditioned stimulus is called a(n):

Answer 18

unconditioned response

Question 19

Accustomed to the sound of the old can opener, your cat still rushes to her food dish even when she hears the sound of the new can opener for the first time. Your cat is definitely smart; more than that, she is exhibiting:

Answer 19

generalization

Question 20

The radio DJ says “Sometime this hour, I’ll be giving away a pair of tickets to the Jonas Brothers concert to one lucky caller.” This is an example of what kind schedule?

Answer 20

Variable intereval schedule

Question 21

Which reinforcement schedule has the highest rate of response?

Answer 21

Fixed ratio schedule

Question 22

Know what latent learning is:

Answer 22

something is learned but is not manifest until sometime in future

Question 23

The neurons in the pleasure centers of the brain, especially those in the nucleus accumbens, secrete _____, a neurotransmitter usually associated with positive emotions.

Answer 23

dopamine

Question 24

When the Brelands tried to teach pigs and raccoons to drop a coin in a box, the animals did what?

Answer 24

each species including humans is biologically disposed to learn something more reasiliy than other ans to respond to stimuli in way that are consistent with its evolutionary history

Question 25

Learning to drive a car is an example of _______ that becomes _______ over time.

Answer 25

explicit_, implicit_

Question 26

Know the difference between a morpheme and phoneme:

Answer 26

phonemes are shorter

Question 27

By the age of 5 years, the average child has a vocabulary of about ________ words.

Answer 27

10,000

Question 28

Know what fast mapping is:

Answer 28

children can map a word onto an underlying structure after only one exposure, learn fast!

Question 29

According to Chomsky and others, the behaviorist theory of language cannot account for which aspect of language development?

Answer 29

Biological preparedness

Question 30

Damage to Wernicke’s area results in:

Answer 30

comprehension

Question 31

Know what the family resemble theory of categorization is – also know what the prototype theory of categorization is.

Answer 31

Members of a category have characteristics possesed by most but not all, people make category judgements based on category prototype

Question 32

Know what the representative heuristic is – as well as the sunk cost fallacy.

Answer 32

Probability judgement by comparing an object or event to a prototype of the object, don’t give up something you’re invested in

Question 33

When presented with a problem, the first step in means-ends analysis is to:

Answer 33

analyze the goal state

Question 34

When we solve a problem by finding a similar problem with a known solution (and then apply it), we are engaged in:

Answer 34

analogical problem solving