Exam 2: Chapter 4 Flashcards
What field promotes healthy social and emotional development for infants?
the zero to three diagnostic classification task force (1994)
What was the zero to three diagnostic classification task force (1994)?
This task force DEFINED infant mental health as developing the capacity from birth to 3 to:
- experience, regulation, and express emotions
- form close, secure interpersonal relationships
- explore environment and learn in the context of the family community, and cultural expectations fro young children.
The goals of the zero to three diagnostic classification task force (1994) were to allow infants to … (3)
- experience, regulation, and express emotions
- form close, secure interpersonal relationships
- explore environment and learn in the context of the family community, and cultural expectations fro young children.
What are some manifestations that an infant is experiencing poor mental health? (3)
- withdraw from interactions
- problems w/ eating, sleeping, and behavioral regulations
- depression like manifestations
What can cause problems in infant-parent relationships? (9)
- previous pregnancy loss
- postpartum depression
- infants medical/ developmental problems
- parent’s drug use
- abuse of infant
- prolonged separation
- family stress
- parent’s mental illness
- parent with attachment disorder
7.
What test can be used to assess an infants mental health?
AIMS
What is AIMS?
an instrument for assessing emotional well being of children from birth to 5 yrs. old
AIMS involves
Attachment
Interaction
Mastery
Social Support
What are some interventions that a social worker might implement for the emotional development of infants and parents.
- show admiration for baby in parents presence
2.point out parent’s ability to hear cries and to respond appropriately - discuss role of the other parent in care giving
- discuss upcoming stages of infant development
- comment on how proud parent must be to see baby/ child doing so well
What is the most common cause of death in the first year of life in an infant?
SIDS
(sudden infant death syndrome)
What is SIDS?
is the unexpected death of an infant for which no physical cause can be found
What are some believed causes for SIDS?
- infant sleeping on their stomach
- changes in infant’s airway
- viral infection
what campaign was developed to prevent SIDS?
the back to sleep campaign
what does the back to sleep campaign promote?
states that babies are safest when they sleep on their backs
what is object permanence?
when a child can hold an image/ person in their mind.
at what age does a child have full object permanence?
2 yrs old
How does cognitive learning occur?
through circular reaction develops from random reflexes to intentional goal-directed behavior
aka Piaget Theory
What does Piaget Theory states?
that children’s intelligence undergoes changes as they grow
Piaget =
sensorimotor stage
How do we assess learning?
by observing how long an infant will look at or fixate on something interesting and not be distracted
what is Habituation?
when a child becomes uninterested in a stimulus and respond less to it after it is repeatedly presented to them
what is Dishabituation?
increased responsiveness after a change in stimulus
expressive
what they say
receptive
- ability to understand
*response to a request
Ability to learn is __(1)__, but __(2) is essential
- Innate
- Environmental Exposure
What are some language interventions for low SES (social economical status)?
videos & reading
Interventions for children who are not being exposed to language.
- Look at the child in the eye
- higher pitch sounds
What is temperament?
a characteristic pattern in which an infant responds to and interacts with the environment
“how a child responds to and interacts with their environment”
(environment = temperament)
What is goodness of fit?
the importance of having the right match from the environment for each temperament
“the compatibility between a person’s temperament and it’s environment”
What are the 3 types of children?
Easy child
slow to warm up
difficult child
a child that is slower to adapt to new people/ settings, but will adjust new environments is referred to a
slow to warm up child
A child who’s sleep and eating patterns vary and does not adapt well to new environments is referred as a
difficult child
what is attachment?
a strong emotional tie to a caregiver
Trust vs mistrust leads to
healthy attachment or an unhealthy attachment
Bowlby stated that
parents & children have a biological program to form a close bond (healthy attachment)
__(1)__ is used to assess attachment types
- Strange Situation
What are the 3 types of attachments?
- Secure Attachment
- Insecure Avoidant
- Insecure Anxious
A child that:
* use mother as secure base when playing
* looks at mother for reassurance
* is confidence
displays what attachment style?
Secure Attachment
A child that:
* does not use mother as a secure base
* is indifferent
* Is not in distress when caregiver leaves the room
* shows no trust in caregiver
displays what attachment style?
insecure avoidant
A child that:
* is clingy & reluctant to explore
* displays anger at caregiver
* no easily soothed
displays what attachment style?
Insecure Anxious
What are some psychological hazards of infancy ?
- attachment problems
- failure to thrive
What are some psychological hazards of attachment?
- failure to form an attachment
- loss of caregiver
failure to thrive =
child’s weight below 5% for age
Organic causes of failure to thrive =
underlying medical conditions
non-organic failure to thrive = (2)
*psychological conditions (emotional deprivation)
*difficult family situations
What happens to children if an attachment is severance or if an attachment is never formed?
non-organic FAILURE TO THRIVE
