Exam 2, Chapter 19 Flashcards
What are some characteristics of Pre-Industrialized cities
small, densely populated, center of disease, pollution, limited crime control, and poor transportation networks
Why do small cities stay small
The poor transportation limits food supply which in turn keeps cities from expanding
What makes a city possible
agricultural technology, division of labor, transportation
Definition of Urban
population bigger than 2,500 people
Definition of Rural
less than 2,500 people
Definition of a city
population at least 50,000 people
definition of a suburb
small communities adjacent to cities
what is a metropolis
“mother city” a city and its sphere of influence
What is a metropolitan area
a city and its surrounding suburbs
What are the two types of metropolises
Fixed Rail and Freeway
What is a fixed rail metropolis
centralized urban development, expansion along rail lines “spiderweb” like -city center is focused point
What is a freeway metropolis
decentralized urban development expansion more even determined by geography. Suburbs are multiple points of focus
True or False
People prefer a centralized metropolis
False
People prefer a decentralized metropolis
What is the law of constant travel time
throughout history, people will generally commute no more than 30 minutes one way
What does Gemeinschaft mean
community, rural society
Details about Gemeinschaft
small town, rural, close knit, are lost during urbanization
What does Gesellschaft mean
society or association, urban society
Details about Gesellschaft
lack of cohesion, high fragmentation, self interest dominant, relate to people by role not a person
True or False
Living in a city causes mental illnesses
False
It does not cause mental illness, but people with mental illness tend to gravitate to cities because they have ore resources to survive.
What does the term Anomre by durkheim mean
urbanization weakens norms
True or False
crowding doesn’t impact behavior on a community level-macro
true
micro level of crowding states what
more people per room is a bad thing because people want space. People withdrawal physically and emotionally which causes poor health
definition of urban society
a society in which the majority of people do not live in rural areas
What is the theory of ethnic succession
Theory stating that ethnic and racial groups will be the targets of neighborhood segregation only until they achieve economic parity and that slum neighborhoods will therefore house a succession of ethnic and racial groups
What is the index of dissimilarity
a measure of the degree to which a given ethnic or racial group lives in integrated or segregated neighborhoods; it compares the ethnic makeup of city blocks with the ethnic makeup of the city as a whole.
definition of anomie
a state in which norms lack definition and force, that is, in which people aren’t sure what the norms are and don’t greatly care.
In the old days, what was the average radius of a city’s limit
no more than three miles from the center
Why live in a city?
Increase income and cities offered the prospect of a more interesting and stimulating life.
