Exam 2, Chapter 19

Question 1

What are some characteristics of Pre-Industrialized cities

Answer 1

small, densely populated, center of disease, pollution, limited crime control, and poor transportation networks

Question 2

Why do small cities stay small

Answer 2

The poor transportation limits food supply which in turn keeps cities from expanding

Question 3

What makes a city possible

Answer 3

agricultural technology, division of labor, transportation

Question 4

Definition of Urban

Answer 4

population bigger than 2,500 people

Question 5

Definition of Rural

Answer 5

less than 2,500 people

Question 6

Definition of a city

Answer 6

population at least 50,000 people

Question 7

definition of a suburb

Answer 7

small communities adjacent to cities

Question 8

what is a metropolis

Answer 8

“mother city” a city and its sphere of influence

Question 9

What is a metropolitan area

Answer 9

a city and its surrounding suburbs

Question 10

What are the two types of metropolises

Answer 10

Fixed Rail and Freeway

Question 11

What is a fixed rail metropolis

Answer 11

centralized urban development, expansion along rail lines “spiderweb” like -city center is focused point

Question 12

What is a freeway metropolis

Answer 12

decentralized urban development expansion more even determined by geography. Suburbs are multiple points of focus

Question 13

True or False

People prefer a centralized metropolis

Answer 13

False

People prefer a decentralized metropolis

Question 14

What is the law of constant travel time

Answer 14

throughout history, people will generally commute no more than 30 minutes one way

Question 15

What does Gemeinschaft mean

Answer 15

community, rural society

Question 16

Details about Gemeinschaft

Answer 16

small town, rural, close knit, are lost during urbanization

Question 17

What does Gesellschaft mean

Answer 17

society or association, urban society

Question 18

Details about Gesellschaft

Answer 18

lack of cohesion, high fragmentation, self interest dominant, relate to people by role not a person

Question 19

True or False

Living in a city causes mental illnesses

Answer 19

False

It does not cause mental illness, but people with mental illness tend to gravitate to cities because they have ore resources to survive.

Question 20

What does the term Anomre by durkheim mean

Answer 20

urbanization weakens norms

Question 21

True or False

crowding doesn’t impact behavior on a community level-macro

Answer 21

true

Question 22

micro level of crowding states what

Answer 22

more people per room is a bad thing because people want space. People withdrawal physically and emotionally which causes poor health

Question 23

definition of urban society

Answer 23

a society in which the majority of people do not live in rural areas

Question 24

What is the theory of ethnic succession

Answer 24

Theory stating that ethnic and racial groups will be the targets of neighborhood segregation only until they achieve economic parity and that slum neighborhoods will therefore house a succession of ethnic and racial groups

Question 25

What is the index of dissimilarity

Answer 25

a measure of the degree to which a given ethnic or racial group lives in integrated or segregated neighborhoods; it compares the ethnic makeup of city blocks with the ethnic makeup of the city as a whole.

Question 26

definition of anomie

Answer 26

a state in which norms lack definition and force, that is, in which people aren’t sure what the norms are and don’t greatly care.

Question 27

In the old days, what was the average radius of a city’s limit

Answer 27

no more than three miles from the center

Question 28

Why live in a city?

Answer 28

Increase income and cities offered the prospect of a more interesting and stimulating life.