Exam 2 Flashcards
what hormone inhibits (prevents) lipolysis?
insulin
what hormone does NOT increase with increasing exercise intensities or prolonged exercise?
insulin
what hormone is associated with enhancing glucose entry into the cell?
insulin
T3 & T4
what hormone(s) is associated with an increase in gluconeogenesis?
glucagon
a decrease in the activity of hormone receptors during high activity of the associated hormone is called:
desensitization or downregulation
norepinephrine concentrations increase at ________ exercise intensities, and epinephrine concentrations increase at ________ exercise intensities
moderate
high
which group of hormones exerts metabolic and cardiovascular effects during exercise? (think of what correlates with SNS response)
catecholamines
an example of a target cell for glucagon is:
liver cells
during exercise, 4 important hormones for increasing plasma glucose concentrations are glucagon, cortisol, __________, and _________
norepinephrine
epinephrine
the breakdown of triglycerides into FFA’s, a process called _________, can be stimulated by the hormone _________
lipolysis growth hormone (GH)
the brains appetite control center is located in the _________.
hypothalamus
what hormone is released from adipose tissue?
leptin
when is RER > 1?
as exercise intensity reaches max
as submaximal exercise intensity increases, VO2 ________ ____________
increases proportiinally
what is oxygen deficit?
O2 demand > O2 consumption in EARLY exercise
during high-intensity sprints (20s), what is the most specific cellular mechanism of fatigue?
(think about what energy system would be utilized and what that system has excess of after ATP are produced)
Pi accumulation
the greatest declines in prolonged endurance performance in the heat occur at what temperature?
87 degrees
if muscle pH falls to 6.4, what occurs in the cell that promotes fatigue?
glycogen breakdown stops
the method of estimating total-body energy expenditure that includes measurement of room gas and heat exchange is called __________
direct calorimetry
what is exercise induced fatigue is related to? (3 things)
a build-up of metabolic by-products
reduced release of ACh
perceived discomfort
mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue likely occur within the:
synapse between the neuron and muscle
what RER represents a close to an equal reliance on fats and carbs?
0.84
the point during intense exercise at which metabolism becomes ANAEROBIC is the:
lactate threshold
anaerobic threshold
ventilatory threshold
Successful endurance athletes likely have:
a high economy of effort
high VO2max
high anaerobic threshold
