Exam #2

Question 1

Enforcing or imposing the national interests of various groups within or between states.

Answer 1

Asymmetrical Warfare

Question 2

Military Capability Divisions

Answer 2

1) Conventional Forces
2) Irregular Force
3) Weapons of Mass Destruction

Question 3

Foot soldiers who use assault rifles and other light weapons.

Answer 3

Infantry

Question 4

An effort to combat guerrilla armies, often including programs to “win the hearts and minds” of rural populations so that they stop sheltering guerillas.

Answer 4

Counterinsurgency

Question 5

Concealed explosive devices, often left behind by irregular armies, that kill or maim civilians after wars end.

Answer 5

Landmines

Question 6

Adapted primarily to control passage through the seas and to attack land near coastlines.

Answer 6

Navies

Question 7

The ability to use military force in areas far from a countries region or sphere of influence.

Answer 7

Power Projection

Question 8

Use of the electromagnetic spectrum in war such as employing electromagnetic signals for one’s own bench while denying their use to an enemy.

Answer 8

Electronic Warfare

Question 9

The use of special radar - absorbent materials and unusual shapes in the design of aircraft, missiles, and ships to scatter enemy radar.

Answer 9

Stealth Technology

Question 10

Political violence that targets civilians deliberately and indiscriminately.

Answer 10

Terrorism

Question 11

The use of terrorist groups by states, usually under control of a state’s intelligence agency, to achieve political arms.

Answer 11

State Sponsored Terrorism

Question 12

Nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, all distinguished from conventional weapons by their enormous potential lethality and their relative lack of discrimination in whom they kill.

Answer 12

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)

Question 13

World’s most destructive power and weapon.

Answer 13

Nuclear Weapons

Question 14

Simple and inexpensive weapons.

Answer 14

Fission Weapons

Question 15

Complex and very expensive

Answer 15

Fusion Weapons

Question 16

The elements uranium-235 and plutonium, whose atoms split apart and release energy via a chain reaction when an atomic bomb explodes.

Answer 16

Fissionable Weapons

Question 17

Could hit any enemy’s homeland, usually a long range.

Answer 17

Strategic Weapons

Question 18

Designed for battlefield use only.

Answer 18

Tactical Nuclear Weapons

Question 19

The major strategic delivery vehicle for nuclear weapons; it carries a warhead along a trajectory and lets it drop on the target.

Answer 19

Ballistic Missiles

Question 20

The longest range ballistic missiles are able to travel (about 5,000 miles).

Answer 20

Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

Question 21

A small winged missile that can navigate across thousands of miles of previously mapped terrain to reach a particular target; it can carry either a nuclear or a conventional warhead.

Answer 21

Cruise Missiles

Question 22

A set of agreements through which industrialized states try to limit the flow of missiles relevant technology to their world states.

Answer 22

Missile Technology Control Regime

Question 23

An agreement that bans the production and possessions of chemical weapons and includes strict verification provisions and the threat of sanctions against violators and non participants in the treaty.

Answer 23

Chemical Weapons Convention (1992)

Question 24

An agreement that prohibits the development, production, and possession of biological weapons but makes no provision for inspections.

Answer 24

Biological Weapons Convention (1972)

Question 25

The spread of weapons of mass destruction into the hands of more actors.

Answer 25

Proliferation

Question 26

A treaty that created a framework for controlling the spread of nuclear materials and expertise, including the International Atomic Energy agency, a UN agency based in Vienna that is charged with inspecting the nuclear power industry in NPT member states to prevent secret military divisions of nuclear material.

Answer 26

Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968)

Question 27

The possession of second strike nuclear capabilities, which ensure that neither of two adversaries could prevent the other from destroying it in all out war.

Answer 27

Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)

Question 28

A US effort, also known as star wars, to develop defences that could shoot down incoming ballistic missiles, spurred by president Ronald Reagan in 1983. Critics call it an expensive failure that will likely be ineffective.

Answer 28

Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI)

Question 29

A treaty that prohibited either the United States or the Soviet Union from using a ballistic missile defence as a shield, which would have undermined mutually assured destruction and the basis of deterrence.

Answer 29

Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty (1972)

Question 30

A treaty that bans all nuclear weapons testing, thereby broadening the ban of atmospheric testing negotiated in 1963.

Answer 30

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (1996)

Question 31

A hierarchy of officials through which states control military forces.

Answer 31

Chain of Command

Question 32

The relations between a state’s civilian leaders and the military leadership. In most countries, the military takes orders from civilian leaders.

Answer 32

Civil Military Actions

Question 33

“Blow against the state”; A term that refers to the seizure of political power by domestic military forces, that is, a change of political power outside the state’s constitutional order.

Answer 33

Coup d’Etat

Question 34

States in which military forces control the government; they are most common in third world countries, where the military may be the only large modern institution.

Answer 34

Military Governments