Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psyc 213 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What perspective says humans are prepared to acquire some phobias but not others?

A

Behavioral evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

According to humanistic theorists , people develope generalized anixety disorder when what?

A

They repeatedly deny Their true thoughts, emotions, and behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

According to Freud what type of anixety do children experience when they are repeatedly prevented from expressing their I’d impulses?

A

Moral anixety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

According to the biological perspective what neurotransmitter malfunctioning contributes to generalized aniexty disorder?

A

GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What perspective maintains generalized aniexty disorder develops as a result to threatening environments?

A

The Sociocultural perspective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is not a major behavioral approach to treating specific phobias?

A

Stimulus generalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is free-floating aniexty scientific term ?

A

Generalized aniexty disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most applied method of biofeedback for treatment?

A

E m g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is not a behavioral technique used in social skills training?

A

Exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

According to psychodynamic theorists, what 3 defense mechanisms are involved in obsessive compulsive disorder ?

A

Isolation, undoing, and reaction formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What technique involves the therapist confronting the feared object or situation while the person suffering from the phobia observes?

A

Modeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In ————, researchers produce panic in subjects or clients by administering drugs or by instructing them to breath, exercise or simply think in certain ways

A

Biological challenge tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In ————s technique of rational -emotion therapy, practitioners point out irrational assumptions held by clients , and suggest more appropriate assumptions

A

Albert Ellis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The cognitive perspective of panic disorder suggest it’s sufferers what?

A

May be overly sensitive to bodily sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What disorder may also develop with Panic disorder?

A

Agoraphobia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of drugs have been helpful in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder ?

A

Antidepressants that affect the norepinephrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of psychotherapist would tell a patient being treated for cleaning compulsion to resist the urge to mop his bathroom floor for a week?

A

Behavioral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a trait cognitive psychologist did not find in people suffering from o c d?

A

lack of a sense of responsibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What neurotransmitter system may be irregular in people suffering from panic disorder ?

A

Norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which psychological perspective believes that people develope their compulsions of random coincidence ?

A

Behavioral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is not categorized as an obsessive compulsive related disorder ?

A

Somatic symptom disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Women are —— men to experience panic attacks

A

Twice as likely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Abnormal functioning in which areas of the brain has been linked to obsessive compulsive disorder ?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex and the caudate Nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The most common theme of obsessive compulsive disorder is what?

A

Orderliness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

One study of persons with aniexty disorders found that–% actually suffered from multiple disorders

A

81%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What type of therapy tries to help clients suffering from aniexty by providing empathy and genuine acceptance ?

A

Client centered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which perspective suggests that one way of acquiring a fear reaction that may turn not a phobia is through modeling, that is, through observation and limitation

A

The Behavioral perspective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

To qualify for a Dsm-5 diagnosis of generalized aniexty disorder, excessive or outgoing aniexty or worry must last for atleast what ?

A

Three months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Obsessive compulsive disorder ussually begins by what?

A

Childhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In which kind of study would a researcher determine how many and which relatives of a person with a disorder have the same disorder?

A

Family pedigree study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A. Fear hierarchy is what?

A

A list of feared objects or situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What behavioral technique is the exposure vicarious ?

A

Desensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What suggestion is shared by both the meta cognitive theory and the avoidance theory of generalized aniexty disorder ?

A

That worrying serves some sort of positive function for its sufferer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Social aniexty can be broken down into what two qualifiers ?

A

Narrow or broad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is a type of coronary heart disease

?

A

Myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The state of stress has two components what are they?

A

Stressor and stress response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Psychologists have found that differences in which type of anxiety may appear soon after birth?

A

Trait aniexty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

According to the social adjustment rating scale what event do people rate as the single most stressful life event ?

A

The death of a spouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The heightened biochemical arousal of post traumatic stress victims may eventually damage which parts of their brain?

A

Hippocampus and Amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Glands release what into the blood stream?

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Few of subjects used to develope the social adjustment rating scale were what?

A

African American

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Researchers found evidence of abnormal activity of ——— in the urine, blood, and saliva of combat soldiers and rape victims

A

Cortisol and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

The area of study tha links stress and illness to the bodies immune system is known as what?

A

Psychoneuroimmunology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What technique has been shown to be the most useful in the treatment of pain?

A

Meditation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What trait in “type A” personality has been linked to coronary heart disease?

A

Being competitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

How many victims of physical assault/sexual assault develope PTSD?

A

Half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What technique had helped people gain control over involuntary bodily activities And has helped in the treatment of such conditions As asthma , irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure and pain from burns?

A

Meditation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What group had the highest substantial reaction to the September, 11 attacks ?

A

Hispanic Americans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Some studies indicate that ———- treatment is the single most helpful intervention for persons with stress disorders irrespective of the precipitating trauma?

A

Exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Who suffering from PTSD seem to benefit from talking about heir experiences with others who had similar experiences ?

A

Combat veterans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Symptoms after a traumatic event that last for —— may be diagnosed as acute stress disorder

A

Less than a month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Emdr is a form of what type of therapy?

A

Exposure therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What term was used to describe symptoms of severe aniexty and depression during wild war 2 and the Korean War?

A

Combat fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What condition has not been traditionally conceded to be a psychophysiological disorder?

A

Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is not listed in the Dsm 5 as a method of reexperiemcing traumatic events by one suffering from PTSD?

A

Dreams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Cancer patients with higher amounts ——— have better immune functioning and in turn more successful recoveries ?

A

Optimism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Most clinicians believe that veterans with post traumatic stress disorder cannot fully recover until what happens?

A

They come to grips with their combat experience and the impact that those experiences continue to have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

The ——— assigns numerical values to stresses that most people experience at some time in their lives?

A

Social adjustment rating scales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Variations in the types of situations that people find threatening are referred to as what type of aniexty ?

A

State aniexty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Which group of lymphocytes produces antibodies?

A

Helper T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What two bodily systems does the hypothalamus activate ?

A

Automatic nervous system and the endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

the key psychological stress disorders are what?

A

PTSD and accute stress disorder

63
Q

Dread and horror are part of what type of responses to stress?

A

Mental

64
Q

What are the two neuro transmitters associated with the fight or flight response?

A

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

65
Q

When people are confronted with stressors, the hypothalamus signals the ——-gland to release the adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

Pituitary gland

66
Q

When a physical ailment has no apparent medical cause, doctors may suspect what?

A

Facticious disorder

67
Q

Psychodynamic theorists say there are two mechanisms at work in somatic symptom disorder what are they?

A

Primary gain and secondary gain

68
Q

Psychodynamic theorists believe that dissociative disorders are caused by the defense mechanism of Wat?

A

Repression

69
Q

Melinda is a 23 year old woman who complains of chronic abdominal, dizziness, nausea and lack of sexual desire, for which there was no organic cause she would most likely be diagnosed with what ?

A

Somatic symptom disorder

70
Q

People who suffer from ——— unrealistically interpret bodily symptoms as signs of serious illness

A

Somatic symptom disorder

71
Q

Symptoms of multiple personality disorder usually begins after episodes of what?

A

Suggestibility

72
Q

People with ———- feel as though they have become separated from their own mental processes and are observing themselves from outside ?

A

Multiple personality disorder

73
Q

Derek looked at his car but felt like he never saw it before what is Derek experiencing

A

Jamais VU

74
Q

Behavioralist believe that the fears found illness anxiety disorder and body dysmorphic disorder have been acquired by ?

A

Classical conditioning or modeling

75
Q

Some argue they many cases of dissociative identity disorder are ———- that is the symptoms are unintentionally produced by the practitioner who is treating the client

A

Iatrogenic

76
Q

Behavioral theorists propose that physical symptoms of hysteria disorders bring what to sufferers ?

A

Rewards

77
Q

People who become deeply concerned about some imagined or minor defect in their appearance are experiencing what disorder ?

A

Body dysmorphobia

78
Q

International studies have detected very high rates of somatization in non-western medical practices throughout the world, with patients what ethnicity displaying the largest number of symptoms ?

A

Latin America

79
Q

People who suffer from depersonalizations disorder often experience a sensation of feeling that their mind seeks to be floating a few feet shove them, this is known as what?

A

Doubling

80
Q

The ultimate goal of treatment for people with multiple personality disorder is what ?

A

Integration of subpersonalities

81
Q

What type of threpautical approach to somatic symptom disorders try to force patients out of the sick role by straightforwardly telling them that their symptoms are without medical basis?

A

Confrontational therapy

82
Q

Freud argued his explanation of hysterics disorders on the needs and conflicts of whom stuck in the stage of what ?

A

Girls stuck in the phalic stage

83
Q

Which disorder is marked by a parent making up or producing physical illness in their kids?

A

Münchausen syndrome by proxy

84
Q

Dissociative disorders are primarily a major disruption of what?j

A

Memory

85
Q

Individuals with preoccupation Somatic symptom disorder typically receive the kinds of treatment that are applied to which disorder ?

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder

86
Q

The final merging of two or more subpersonalities in a patient is known as what ?

A

Fusion

87
Q

What are the quiet observers in someone with multiple personality disorder?

A

Co Conscious personalities

88
Q

Who is least like to to suffer from factious personality disorder?

A

A woman who received successfull surgery for ovarian cancer

89
Q

What is the disorder where people suddenly travel to an entirely different location and cannot recall the details of their past lives ?

A

Dissociative fugue

90
Q

Today’s leading explanations for hysterical somatic symptom disorders come from where ?

A

Psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and multi cultural models

91
Q

People who suffer from from dissociative suffer most often lose what type of memory but retain what type of information

A

Personal information keep encyclopedic information

92
Q

One study found differences in what in the brains of different subpersonalities in people with multiple personality disorders?

A

Evoked potentials

93
Q

According to recent studies whet is an accurate statement about the effect of placebos?

A

Belief or expectations can trigger certain chemicals throughout the body into action and these chemicals throughout the body may produce a medicinal effect

94
Q

Sodium amobarbital and sodium pentobarbital are often called what ?

A

Truth serums

95
Q

What type of theorists propose that hysterical disorders are forms of communication providing a means for people to express emotions that would otherwise be difficult to convey?

A

Cognitive theorists

96
Q

A less disabling form of unipolar depression is know as what?

A

Dysthymic disorder

97
Q

Who is credited with developing the learned helplessness theory of depression?

A

Martin seligman

98
Q

A pattern of depression found among young children caused by separation from their mothers is known as what?

A

Anaclitic depression

99
Q

Low ——— activity accompanied by high——– activity may lead to mania

A

Low serotonin high norepinephrine

100
Q

What is not an maladaptive thought which makes up the cognitive triad?

A

The past

101
Q

The category of major depressive disorder in which the person experiences excessive activity or immobility is what ?

A

Catatonic

102
Q

What is the form of bipolar disorder characterized by episodes of hypomania alternating with major depressive episodes?

A

Bipolar 2 disorder

103
Q

What hormone may indirectly play a role in depression?

A

Melatonin

104
Q

What theorist is credited with formulating the concept of the cognitive triad?

A

Aaron beck

105
Q

What group of Americans has the highest rate of chronicity when it comes to major depressive disorders

A

Hispanic Americans

106
Q

What is the perception that one has no control over the reinforcements in their lives?

A

Learned helplessness

107
Q

What examines the relatives of people with unipolar depression to see whether the disorder affrects other family members?

A

Family pedigree studies

108
Q

What is the most effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder?

A

Light therapy

109
Q

What is not a symptom of people suffering from double depressive disorder?

A

Bipolar one and two at the same time

110
Q

According to Peter lewinsoh what the of rewards are particularly Important in the Downward spiral of depression

A

Social rewards

111
Q

What does Aaron beck believes contributes to the development of depression.

A

Reduction in positive rewards

112
Q

What theory states that men and women are equally prone to depression but that clinicians fail to detect depression in men?

A

Artifact theory

113
Q

Structural abnormalities have been noted in all areas in the brain parts of people suffering from bipolar disorder except where ?

A

The reticular inhibition system

114
Q

Unlike unipolar depression, bipolar disorders appear to be best explained by focusing largely on what ?

A

Biological factors

115
Q

What is the Most common pattern of mood disorder?

A

Unipolar depression

116
Q

What Is not a theory used to explain the high rates of depression in women when compared to men?

A

The artifact theory

117
Q

What are the pair of symptoms that denotes a diagnosis of bipolar 1 disorder?

A

Manis and depression

118
Q

Depressed people sometimes experiences steady train of unpleasant thoughts that suggests to them that they are inadequate and that their situation is helpless what is this?

A

Automatic thoughts

119
Q

Fred proposed the concept of ——- —-, in which other kinds of events are equated with loss of a loved one?

A

Symbolic loss

120
Q

What does not describe a person experiencing mania?

A

Feeling pessimistic

121
Q

When a person experiences numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms Dsm-5 assigns what diagnosis?

A

Bipolar 2 disorder

122
Q

What is the Most common pattern of mood disorder?

A

Unipolar depression

123
Q

What I’d not a theory used to to explain the high rates of depression in women when compared to men?

A

The artifact theory

124
Q

What are the pair of symptoms that denotes a diagnosis of bipolar 1 disorder?

A

Manis and depression

125
Q

Depressed people sometimes experiences steady train of unpleasant thoughts that suggests to them that they are inadequate and that their situation is helpless what is this?

A

Automatic thoughts

126
Q

Fred proposed the concept of ——- —-, in which other kinds of events are equated with loss of a loved one?

A

Symbolic loss

127
Q

When a person experiences numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms Dsm-5 assigns what diagnosis?

A

Bipolar 2 disorder

128
Q

What is not a way of categorizing unipolar depression ?

A

Post partum

129
Q

What does the most recent research tell us about genetic factors involved in the development of bipolar disorder?

A

A number of genetic abnormalities probably combine to help bring about bipolar disorder

130
Q

People who suffer from symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and menopause may benefit from which nutraceutical?

A

Black cohosh

131
Q

Most second generation antidepressants are what?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

132
Q

What is a common flower that can be quite helpful in cases of mild depression?

A

Saint-Johns wort

133
Q

How effective is psychotherapy alone as a treatment fir bipolar disorder?

A

Rarely effective

134
Q

What explanation is there for Lithium’s effectiveness

A

It acts direct on the brains second messenger system

135
Q

What depression treatment is least in treating unipolar depression ?

A

Cognitive treatment

136
Q

What type of therapy would be associated with preparing a weekly activity schedule that is set up around pleasurable activities?

A

Behavioral therapy

137
Q

How often is Long term psychotherapy in treating unipolar depression?

A

Occasionally

138
Q

Interpersonal psychotherapy (ipt) is what type of approach to treating unipolar depression?

A

Family social

139
Q

What is not an expectation of a psychodynamic therapist working with a depressed client?

A

That the client will learn to shed all of their unconscious thought mechanisms

140
Q

Among the biological treatments for depression, anti depressants drugs and what other type of treatment is equally effective?

A

Electro convulsive therapy

141
Q

If a client said to you, “my roommate told me that she has other friends on campus, so I think she must completely hate me” what sort of cognitive error would this be considered?

A

Dichotomous thinking

142
Q

Mao inhibitors block the destruction of which neurotransmitter ?

A

Norepinephrine

143
Q

What impact does the use of Lithium have on depressive episodes ?

A

Lithium helps people with bipolar depression overcome their depressive episodes, though it a lesser degree

144
Q

Which form of depression treatment acts most quickly?

A

Ect

145
Q

What is a common flower that can be quite helpful in cases of mild depression ?

A

Saint Johns wort

146
Q

Imipramine was the first of the family of the ——-antidepressant to be discovered?

A

Tricyclics

147
Q

Research suggests that behavioral therapy is of less help to people who suffer which kind of depression?

A

Severe

148
Q

What is not a goal of behavioral therapy for depression?

A

Helping clients gain insight into the source of their depression

149
Q

Which celebrity has undergone ect for treatment of depression ?

A

Dick cavett

150
Q

What is not a problem that interpersonal psychotherapy attempts to address?

A

Interpersonal communication problems

151
Q

Ect was first used in the treatment of what?

A

Psychosis

152
Q

What is not used to put patients to sleep and reduce their territory during ect?

A

Muscle relaxants

153
Q

What is a well known side effect of ect?

A

Temporary memory loss

Psyc 213 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions