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Psyc 213 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A person who suffered from the form of mass madness called lycanthropy beloved themselves to be possessed by what?

A

Wolves

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2
Q

What is a trephine?

A

A stone instrument used to cut away a circular section of the skull

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3
Q

All forms of therapy have 3 essential features what are they?

A

A sufferer, a healer and a series of contacts between the sufferer and healer

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4
Q

Behavior that is psychologically abnormal is not called what?

A

Mental instability

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5
Q

Judgments of abnormality depend on social norms as well as what?

A

Specific circumstances

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6
Q

Who was the Boston school teacher who made humane care a public and political concern in 19th century America

A

Dorothea Dix

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7
Q

Insurance parity laws are concerned with what?

A

Providing equal coverage for mental and medical problems

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8
Q

The policy of releasing patients from public mental health hospitals is known as what?

A

Deinstitutionalization

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9
Q

What is the role of a clinical practitioner in abnormal psychology?

A

To detect, assess and treat abnormal patterns of functioning

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10
Q

Before the 1950s almost all outpatient care for psychological disturbances took the form of what?

A

Private psychotherapy

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11
Q

The treatment mechanism associated with touching a troubled area of a patients body either a special rod is known as what?

A

Mesmerism

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12
Q

What was the earliest term to describe the mentally ill?

A

Unstable

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13
Q

What did Dorothea Dix work lead to the establishment around the country?

A

State hospitals

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14
Q

Which single viewpoint dominates clinical field as much as the psychoanalytic perspective ounce did?

A

The Cognitive model

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15
Q

What 19th century perspective held the view that abnormal psychological functioning had physical causes?

A

Somatogenic>body

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16
Q

What did Hippocrates believe caused abnormal behavior?

A

Imbalances In bodily fluids

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17
Q

Who argued societies invent the concept of mental Illness so they can control people whose unusual patterns of function upset or threaten the social order?

A

Thomas Sazazs

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18
Q

What is the role of clinical practitioners?

A

Gathering systematic information so they can describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of their study

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19
Q

Which viewpoint dominates the clinical field as the psychoanalytical perspective did?

A

Cognitive

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20
Q

The most prominent forerunner to the modern community mental health program was at gheel where is gheel located?

A

Belgium

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21
Q

What is one of the traits eccentric people exibit?

A

They have fewer emotional problems then the general population

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22
Q

Who was the French physician associated with asylum reform at La bicetre?

A

Philippe pineal

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23
Q

What is the dominate form of insurance coverage for mental hearth patients?

A

Managed care

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24
Q

When was the federal parity law requiring insurance companies to provide equal coverage for medical and mental problems enacted?

A

2011

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25
Q

What is the area of psychology concerned with the study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits and abilities?

A

Positive psychology

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26
Q

What perspective view views the chief causes of abnormal functioning as psychological?

A

Psychogenic

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27
Q

What percentage of current psychology graduate students are female?

A

72%

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28
Q

What was the dance in the Middle Ages people used to rid themselves of resulting symptoms of a wolf spider bite called?

A

Tarantella

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29
Q

What is the main difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist

A

Psychiatrists are trained medical doctors who can provide therapy, a psychologist is not a medical doctor but they can provide therapy

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30
Q

Clinical practitioners seek what type of understanding of abnormal behavior?

A

Idiographic understanding

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31
Q

Clinical researchers look for what type of truths about the causes and treatments if abnormality?

A

Nomothetic

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32
Q

If a research study concludes that the less coffee you drink the less aniexty you experience, the researchers most likely used what type of method?

A

The correlational method

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33
Q

If a research study concludes that the more activities you participate in , the less likely you are to be depressed the conclusion would be expressed as what?

A

A negative correlation

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34
Q

If there is less then a 5% probability that a study’s findings are due to chance, the findings are said to be what?

A

Statistically significant

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35
Q

Studies that reveal the incidence and prevalence of s disorder in a particular population are known as what?

A

Epidemiological studies

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36
Q

What is the name of the effect that describes a researcher unintentionally transmitting his or her expectations about the outcome of the research to a research subject?

A

The Rosenthal effect

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37
Q

What is the rule of correlations?

A

The closer to - + 1.0 the stronger the correlational relationship is.

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38
Q

When the findings of research can be generalized to people beyond the immediate study, the investigation is said to have what?

A

External validity

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39
Q

Researchers investigating a rare disorder that affects only a few subjects would most likely use what type of research design?

A

Single subject experimental

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40
Q

What type of study involves both the experimenter and the participant from knowing who the control is?

A

Double blind

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41
Q

What is the biggest limitation of correlational research?

A

It does not allow conclusions about cause and effect relationships

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42
Q

If you want to compare a subject with him/herself under different conditions rather than comparing him/her to control subjects what design might you want to use?

A

Abab

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43
Q

If a research subject is given drugs designed to intensify her symptoms, she is participating in what type of study?

A

Symptom exacerbation.

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44
Q

For the first half of the twentieth century the cause of schizophrenia was thought to be caused by what?

A

In appropriate parenting.

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45
Q

When researchers wish to observe the same subjects on many occasions over a long period of time they use what type of study?

A

Longitudinal study

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46
Q

What symbol is the correlational coefficient?

A

R

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47
Q

Researchers would most likely use what type of research design in order to compare children who have a history of child abuse with those who don’t?

A

Epidemiological

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48
Q

What variable is manipulated in an experiment I order to determine if it has an effect on another variable?

A

The independent variable

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49
Q

An imitation treatment that looks or tastes like the real therapy but has one of the key ingredients is referred to as what?

A

A placebo

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50
Q

The genain sisters all developed what in their early twenties ?

A

Schizophrenia

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51
Q

Correlational studies of many pairs of twins have suggested a link between what factors and certain psychological disorders?

A

Genetic

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52
Q

What are most informed consent forms for clinical research written at?

A

A high school level

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53
Q

Patients are given an experimental drug to see if it reduces their symptoms, this is what type of study?

A

A new drug study

54
Q

What type of study design has subjects unaware of as to whether they are assigned to an experimental group or control group?

A

A blind design

55
Q

Which facet of of experimental research is missing in a quasi-experimental design?

A

A random assignment

56
Q

What type of medication study may be used to determine how and when patients can be taken off particular medications?

A

A Withdrawal study.

57
Q

What is the percentage of respondents that said they can accept animal research as long as it’s conducted fir medical purpose ?

A

75%

58
Q

What would a perfect correlational relationship between variables be expressed as?

A

1.00

59
Q

Who developed gestalt therapy?

A

Frederick fritz peris

60
Q

According to Carl Rogers a who did not receive unconditional positive regard in early life is likely to develope what disorder?

A

Conditions of worth

61
Q

Cognitive therapists guide clients to challenge their own dysfunction what?

A

Thoughts

62
Q

Before the 1950s who only offered psychotherapy ?

A

Psychiatrist

63
Q

What German physician was the first to specialize in mental illness and now is considered the founder of the modern study of psychopathology?

A

Johann Weyer

64
Q

What is the job of a clinical scientist ?

A

To gather information systematically to describe, predict, and explain the phenomenon they study

65
Q

When an unusual problem does not occur often enough to permit a large number of observations what might be the best way to study it?

A

Case study

66
Q

In science the perspectives used to explain phenomena are referred to as what?

A

Paradigms

67
Q

What type of theorists believe that people are mainly motivated by a need to have a relationship with others and that severe problems in relationships between children’s and their caregivers may lead to abnormal development?

A

Object relation theorists

68
Q

What Paradigm of abnormal psychology is the role of the therapist thought to be they of the teacher?

A

The behavioral model

69
Q

What is the oldest and most famous of the modern psychological models?

A

Psychodynamic model

70
Q

According to Freud the I’d operates with what principle?

A

The pleasure principle

71
Q

What is the main difference between group therapy and a self help group?

A

Group therapy has a trained therapist

72
Q

What is the basic premise of family therapy?

A

The whole is seen as the unit of treatment

73
Q

Which contemporary psychodynamic approach holds that therapists are key figures in the lives of patient whose reactions and beliefs should be included in therapy?

A

Relational psycho analytic therapy

74
Q

Albert Bandura argued they in order to feel happy and function effectively , people must develop a sense of what?

A

Self efficacy

75
Q

What type of prevention seeks to provide effective treatment as soon as it’s needed so that moderate or severe disorders do not become long term problems ?

A

Secondary prevention

76
Q

What part of the brain helps to regulate emotions and memory?

A

The Hippocampus

77
Q

What is not a current major model of mental abnormality?

A

Evolutionary

78
Q

What concern does cyber therapy not raise?

A

Confidentiality

79
Q

According to Freud what is the psychological force that represents a persons conscious?

A

Super ego

80
Q

What is systematic desensitization?

A

A behavioral treatment where a patient is exposed to a contributor of their phobia and gradually learn to react calmly

81
Q

What therapy suggests people have to own up to their being and give meaning to their live?

A

Existential therapy

82
Q

When was psychotropic medicine developed?

A

1950

83
Q

When a 3 year old boy fell into a gorilla exhibit in 1996 what stumped clinical theorists?

A

A 160 pound gorilla protected the boy carried him and delivered him to rescue workers

84
Q

What psychological model suggests human beings are driven to self-actualize or fulfill their natural potential for goodness and growth?

A

The humanistic model

85
Q

Some research has suggested ————-has been linked to exposure to certain viruses during childhood or before birth?

A

Schizophrenia

86
Q

What type of assessment would be used to assess unconscious drives and conflicts may be at the root of abnormal functioning?

A

Projective

87
Q

A diagnostic tool that helps clinicians predict future symptoms or events has what type of validity?

A

Predictive

88
Q

A mental status exam is a component of what ?

A

Structured interview

89
Q

A persons Iq is initially represented the ratio of what ?

A

A persons mental age divided chronological age

90
Q

What type of assessment asks people to respond to pictures by telling a story?

A

A thematic appreciation test

91
Q

How many disorders does the DSM-5 list?

A

400

92
Q

What is true about about the term nervous breakdown?

A

It is not a clinical term, it’s used by patients

93
Q

What would a personality disorder first be recorded as in the DSM-5

A

A diagnosis

94
Q

The —– movement has tried to identify a set of common strategies that are present in the work of all effective therapists regardless of the clinicians particular orientation ?

A

Rapprochement

95
Q

What type of scan produces a computerized motion picture of chemical activity throughout the brain?

A

A pet scan

96
Q

The polygraph is a form of what test?

A

Psychophysiiological

97
Q

What are the three important criteria of assessments ?

A

Standardization, reliability, validity

98
Q

What type of scan is a brain imaging technique that uses certain properties of hydrogen atoms to create a detailed picture of the brains structure and activity?

A

A Mri scan

99
Q

A clinician who is observing parent child interactions in a home is conducting what type of observation?

A

A naturalistic observation

100
Q

The details and background of a clients problem is called what?

A

Idiographic data

101
Q

What is established information About the nature and treatment of a particular illness called ?

A

Nomothetic data

102
Q

What is the collecting of relevant information in an effort to reach a conclusion referred to?

A

An assessment

103
Q

An assessment tool shows high —— reliability of different judges independently agree on how to score and interpret it?

A

Interatter

104
Q

Penis retreat and withdrawal is referred to as what?

A

Koro

105
Q

What illness once common to Algonquin Indian hunters was marked by cannibalism?

A

Windingo

106
Q

When was the DSM-5 workforce formed in?

A

2006

107
Q

What widely used neuropsychological test consists of 9 cards each displaying a simple design that subjects are asked to first copy on a peice of paper and then redraw from memory?

A

Bender visual motor gestalt test

108
Q

Out of 100 true statements how many are incorrectly identified as false on a polygraph test?

A

8

109
Q

A cluster of symptoms that occur together are known as what?

A

A syndrome

110
Q

How many clinical scales are found on the mmpi / MMPI-2

A

10 scales

111
Q

According to the meta analysis of treatment studies the average persons who received treatment was better off than how much percent than the untreated control group?

A

75%

112
Q

If an assessment tool Yields the same results every time it is given to the same people it has what?

A

Text retest reliability

113
Q

What people are most likely to have been in therapy at some point in their lives?

A

Highly educated Middle Aged women from western states

114
Q

Intelligence tests can play a key role in the diagnosis of what?

A

Intellectual developmental disorder

115
Q

What is the single most effective therapy for schizophrenia?

A

Drug therapy

116
Q

Before being appointed to the Dsm 5 task force and work group clinical researchers were required to pledge their total annual income from pharmaceutical companies to how much?

A

10000

117
Q

What percentage of people in the United States will qualify for a Dsm diagnosis at some point in their lives?

A

50%

118
Q

What is a psychiatrist who primarily prescribes medication called?

A

A psychopharmacologist

119
Q

How many different forms of therapy are practiced in the clinical field?

A

400

120
Q

What type of test has been set up with common steps to be followed whenever it’s administered ?

A

A standardized text

121
Q

What type of test requires a subject to look at one inkblot card at a time and tell what they see in the image?

A

Rorschach test

122
Q

What type of experiment is mist likely to us animals as subjects to learn more about humdinger beings

A

Analogue

123
Q

What type of truth do clinical researchers look for in understanding abnormality?

A

Nomothetic

124
Q

Consent forms are written at what educational level ?

A

College

125
Q

What theorists believe that people are motivated by a need to have relationShips with others and that severe problems in the relationships between children and their caregivers may bet lead to abnormal development?

A

Object relations

126
Q

What paradigm of abnormal psychology is the role of the therapist thought yo be that of the Teacher

A

Behavioral model

127
Q

What is the most reported psychological difficulty expressed by the Native American population?

A

Extreme sadness

128
Q

Huntintons disease has been traced to a loss in which part of the brain?

A

The Basil ganglia

129
Q

Who established gestalt therapy?

A

Frederick peris

130
Q

According to comers textbook what is not described as being part of the cerebrum ?

A

Hypothalamus

131
Q

The validity of clinical observation may be limited by a clients what?

A

Reactivity of being observed

Psyc 213 (4 decks)

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