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Psyc 213 > 3 > Flashcards

3 Flashcards

1
Q

What involves using a drug to the point that out affects ones family social relationships and work?

A

Substance abuse

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2
Q

What neuro transmitter does cocaine effect?

A

The dopamine transmitter

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3
Q

What has the greatest affect on sobering someone up?

A

The passage of time

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4
Q

What drug increases the activity of the central nervous system

A

Coke

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5
Q

What drug is not known to directly stimulate the brains reward center?

A

Heroin

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6
Q

What is an accurate statement about the effects of marijuana?

A

It causes lower sperm count in some men

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7
Q

What substance is just as addicting as heroin ?

A

Nicotine

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8
Q

Asking people with alcoholism to imagine repulsive sciences while they are drinking is what form of therapy?

A

Cognitive therapy

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9
Q

Genetic linkage studies have found an abnormal form of a gene for what type of neuro transmitter?

A

D2

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10
Q

Behavioral self-control training (BSCT) is a form of what type of therapy?

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy

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11
Q

What is often mixed with heroin?

A

Battery acid

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12
Q

What theory explains how the sight sight of a hypodermic needle can Induce a high in one dependent on heroin ?

A

Classical conditioning

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13
Q

What treatment model advocated by Alcoholics Anonymous is an example of what type of model?

A

Socio cultural

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14
Q

What are drugs that attach to endorphin receptor sites and make it impossible for opioids to have their usual effect?

A

Narcotic antagonists

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15
Q

Which method of ingesting a substance has the fastest effect on the brain?

A

Inhaling

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16
Q

What is methadone ?

A

An opioid

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17
Q

Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines key lower the brains production of what ?

A

GABA

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18
Q

What is the worlds most widely used stimulant?

A

Caffeine

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19
Q

Sometimes when two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain on the and the body that as people build up a tolerance for one drug they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. What is this effect known as?

A

Cross tolerance

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20
Q

What is the combined effect of different drugs multiplying or potentitiating each other’s effects know as?

A

Synergistic

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21
Q

What is term is known as an addiction?

A

Substance dependence

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22
Q

Regular use of opioids may reduce the brains production of what?

A

Endorphins

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23
Q

What has adversity therapy primarily been used to aid in?

A

Alcohol use and dependence

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24
Q

What is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol ?

A

Naxolone

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25
Q

What theorists believe people can control their drinking in moderation rather than strict abstinence?

A

Cognitive behavioral

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26
Q

When different drugs are in the body At the same time, the combined effect can be greater then each drug turn alone. What is this effect called?

A

Synergistic

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27
Q

Which category of drug is often given to patients in detoxification to reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions such as delirium tremors and seizures?

A

Anti aniexty meds

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28
Q

Which drug treatment approach makes incentives such as program privileges depends on the submission of drug-free urine samples ?

A

Contingency management

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29
Q

What is not a sociocultural explanation for the cause of substance use disorders?

A

Children whose needs are not met by parents grow up depending on others for comfort and this may develop into a relationship with substances

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30
Q

What is a behavioral approach to treating fetishism?

A

Masturbatory satiation

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31
Q

What measure is useful in assessing wether physical factors are responsible for male erectile disorder ?

A

Nocturnal penile tumescence

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32
Q

What causes a person to experience severe pain in the genitals during sex ?

A

Dysparenium

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33
Q

The belief that people with voyeurism are seeking to gain power over others by their actions comes from whet perspective?

A

Psychodynamic

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34
Q

Early ejaculation occurs when what

A

A man blows his load within one minute

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35
Q

Men with what disorder persistently lack or have reduced interest in sex and, in turn display little sexual activity ?

A

Male hypo active sexual desire disorder

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36
Q

What hormone had not been linked to hypo active sexual disorder?

A

Oxytocin

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37
Q

Which disorder primarily involves the inability to respond normally in key areas of sexual functioning , resulting in difficulty enjoying sex?

A

Sexual dysfunction

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38
Q

How many sessions does sex therapy last?

A

15-20

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39
Q

Which phase of the human sexual response cycle is not affected by a sexual dysfunction?

A

The resolution phase

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40
Q

Whet is an untrue statement about men suffering from exibitionsm ?

A

They often have unsatisfactory sexual relationships wth their wives

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41
Q

A person who is sexually arroused by by inflicting physical pain on others is called a what ?

A

Sexual Sadist

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42
Q

Non demand pleasuring or ——–, if often used in therapy to help couples on giving and receiving sexual pleasure with a reduced focus on orgasm?

A

Senate Focusing

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43
Q

Vaginismus and dyspareunia are considered disorders of what!

A

Pain

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44
Q

If low levels of alcohol may enhance the sex drive by lowering a persons inhibition high levels of alcohol will do what?

A

Reduce it

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45
Q

What is a effective technique for premature ejaculation?

A

The start stop procedure

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46
Q

What is a behavior treatment that teaches people with paraphilias to respond to more appropriate sources of sexual stimulation?

A

Orgasmic reorientation

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47
Q

Phillip has repeated and intense sexual urges to rub his genitals against women in crowded subways

A

Frotteuristic disorder

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48
Q

Dyspareunia in women is ussually caused by what?

A

Cognitive causes

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49
Q

What type of cognitive treatment has been used to treat pedophilia?

A

Relapse prevention training

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50
Q

Investigators in a Dutch study found an abnormality in what part of the brain of men with gender dysphoria ?

A

Hypothalamus

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51
Q

What is not a a given factor in the origins of female orgasmic disorder?

A

Religious upbringing

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52
Q

Modern sex therapy is what?

A

Short term and instructive

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53
Q

What theory of conditioning has been used to help explain the origins of sexual sadism and sexual masochism?

A

Classical conditioning

54
Q

Most clinicians agree with the ———- ——- explanation of the orgins of vaginismus

A

Cognitive behavioral

55
Q

What is a correct statement about viagra or oral contraceptives?

A

It was not until 1999 that low dose oral contraceptives were approved for women in Japan

56
Q

What has not been considered as a possible case for dyspareunia?

A

Misshaped genitals

57
Q

The typical person with transvestism is almost always what?

A

Heterosexual

58
Q

What is the phenomenon People wth schzizophrenia experience be where they lose contact with reality?

A

Psychosis

59
Q

Schizophrenic individuals sometimes make up words which have meaning only for them . These words are called ?

A

Neologisms

60
Q

Andre hates suffered from what?

A

Post partum psychosis

61
Q

People with schizophrenia who maintain physical posture and resist being moved are displaying what
?

A

Catatonic rigidity

62
Q

The group of antihistamines drugs that became the first group of effective antipsychotic medications is called what?

A

Phenothiazine

63
Q

What phase of schizophrenia involves a lessening of the active phase?

A

The residual phase

64
Q

What theory suggests that schizophrenia causes its victims to fall from a higher to a lower socioeconomic level or to remain poor becuaee they are unable to function successfully

A

The downward drift theory

65
Q

What disorder is characterized by marked symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder?

A

Brief psychotic disorder

66
Q

What area of the brain did researchers find more blood flow in patients experiencing auditory hallucinations ?

A

The Bronca

67
Q

The concept of schizophrenogenic mother, which suggests that schizophrenia is caused by cold, domineering, uninterested mothers, is suggested by who?

A

Sigmund Freud

68
Q

What are perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli

A

Hallucinations

69
Q

Many people with schizophrenia have enlarged what?

A

Brain ventricles

70
Q

What type of delusions are the most common type of schizophrenia ?

A

Persecution

71
Q

Inappropriate affect, the experiencing of emotions that are unsuited to a situation, is classified as ———- symptom of schizophrenia

A

Positive symptoms

72
Q

What famous clinical theorist argued schizophrenia is actually a constructive process in which people try to cure themselves of the concussion and unhappiness caused by their social environments?

A

R.D Lang

73
Q

What is true of the gender demographics of schizophrenia

A

Equal numbers of men and women are diagnosed

74
Q

What is not a category of schizophrenias symptoms?

A

Neuro motor

75
Q

The term “schizophrenia” is a combination of the Greek words that mean split —– mind?

A

Split mind

76
Q

What is the foundation of for present biochemical explanations of schizophrenia ?

A

Dopamine hypothesis

77
Q

What do people who believe their feelings, thoughts, and actions are being controlled by other people have?

A

Delesusions of control

78
Q

A persons who suffers from a mental illness and also abuse substances maybe labeled as a mentally ill chemical abuser (mica) also know as what ?

A

Dual diagnosis

79
Q

What are the most common formal thoughts disorders experienced by people suffering from schizophrenia ?

A

Loose association

80
Q

When does schizophrenia usually first appear?

A

Early 20s to mid 30s 18-25

81
Q

The Dsm 5 requires that continuous signs of schizophrenia be present for atleast how long?

A

6 months

82
Q

What disorder is associated with the presence of schizophrenia symptoms that last less than one month?

A

Brief psychotic disorder

83
Q

Many people with schizophrenia develope ideas that they believe whole heartedly but have no basis in fact these are called what?

A

Delusions

84
Q

Sigmoid Freud believed that people with schizophrenia regress to early stages of developmental stage of primary what?

A

Narcissism

85
Q

What type of hallucinations are by far the most common type in people with schizophrenia ?

A

Auditory

86
Q

What social Economic class has the highest prevalence of schizophrenia ?

A

Lower class

87
Q

Individuals suffering from schizophrenia are almost 4 times as likely to relapse if they live with a family that has high levels of what?

A

Expressed emotions

88
Q

People with schizophrenia often display a reduction in speech or speech content this is called what?

A

Alogia

89
Q

What symptoms do atypical medications address ?

A

Primarily positive but also negative

90
Q

Antipsychotic medications address what symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Posted symptoms

91
Q

I some cases people with schizophrenia experience a lack of pleasure what is this phenomenon called ?

A

Anhedonia

92
Q

Conventional antipsychotic drugs are referred to as——— drugs becuase of their undesirable movement related side effects

A

Neuroleptic

93
Q

The Parkinsonian and movement reacted side effects of certain antipsychotic medications seem to be caused by reductions of specific transmitters in the basal ganglia and what other region of the brain?

A

Substantia Nigra

94
Q

What therapeutic premise believesInstitutions needed to promote productivity activity, self respect and indivisible responsibility ?

A

Milieu therapy

95
Q

Token economy programs relied on the systematic application of what type of techniques ?

A

Operant conditioning

96
Q

What is not a extra pyramidal effect of using antipsychotic medication to treat schizophrenia ?

A

Huntingtons type symptoms

97
Q

The discovery of what revolutionized treatment for schizophrenia?

A

Antipsychotic drugs

98
Q

What has research reportedly shown in cases of schizophrenia?

A

Antipsychotic drugs reduce symptoms in the majority of patients with schizophrenia

99
Q

What Act requires that people with mental disorders receive treatment in their communities rather than being transported to Institutions far away from home ?

A

Community mental health act

100
Q

As a result of institutionalization many patients develope what?

A

Social breakdown syndrome

101
Q

Most people who live in poorly supervised or unsupervised settings survive on what?

A

Government disability payments

102
Q

What principals-are The Milieu therapy approach on treating schizophrenia based on ?

A

Humanistic

103
Q

Of the few psychotherapists who treated schizophrenia before the discovery of antipsychotic drugs most believed that the first task of therapy was what?

A

Win the trust of patients and build a close relationship with them

104
Q

The use of at least one atypical antipsychotic, clozapine has been associated with the development of what?

A

Agranulocytosis

105
Q

Where did the first day hospitals appear?

A

Moscow

106
Q

What is not a useful form of psychotherapy for people suffering from schizophrenia?

A

Social therapy

107
Q

Post hosptialization is known as what ?

A

Aftercare

108
Q

A growing number of community therapists have become whet for people with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses

A

Case managers

109
Q

The Parkinson’s and related symptoms that may be a side effect of taking anti psychotic medications seemed to be related to the reduction of what activity in the brain?

A

Dopamine

110
Q

In most cases how long does it take for antipsychotic medication to produce the maximum level of Improvement ?

A

6 months

111
Q

Who has become a powerful force lobbying for services for people with severe mental disorders?

A

The national alliance on mental illness

112
Q

The fda requires people taking what medication to have periodic blood tests to screen for Agranulocytosis ?

A

Clozaril

113
Q

People recovering from schizophrenia and other mental disorders recieve what type of occupational training workshops to help them

A

Sheltered

114
Q

Anti psychotic drugs Reduce psychotic symptoms at least in part because they block excessive act to f next transmitters at the brains what receptors?

A

Dopamine D2

115
Q

What criticism has not been made about the token economy programs in the treatment of the mentally ill?

A

There is no evidence of improvement

116
Q

What recieve a the least amount of federal and state funds

A

Community treatment programs for people with severe mental disorders

117
Q

Which symptoms of schizophrenia is most quickly reduced by Taking anti psychic medications?

A

Hallucinations

118
Q

Patients are rewarded when they behave acceptably and are not rewarded when they behave unacceptably this is an example of what ?

A

Token economy

119
Q

When Alchol reaches a what percent the individual had reached a state of intoxication ?

A

.09

120
Q

Behavioral interventions for substance use disorder does what ?

A

Work best in a combination with either biological or cognitive approaches

121
Q

People with gender dysphoria are what?

A

Transsexuals

122
Q

In what technique do patients with hypo active sexual desire visualize sexual scene in order to uncover feelings of aniexty vulnerability and other negative emotions they may have concerning sex?

A

Affectual awareness

123
Q

Some clinicians treat premature ejaculation with what?

A

Anti depressants reduce sexual arousal orgasm

124
Q

Circumstantial evidence for what theory comes from unusually large numbers of people with schizophrenia ?

A

Prenatal

125
Q

What do family support groups and family psychoeducation programs have in common?

A

Family members meet with others in the same situation to share thoughts

126
Q

For a person suffering from male to female gender dysphoria is not sexually attracted to other men,but rather is attracted to the “fantasy” of being female what type gender dysphoria are they differing from?

A

Autogynephilic

127
Q

What drug was a cough medication before it’s addictive properties were known?

A

Heroin

128
Q

What drug was a cough medication before it’s addictive properties were known?

A

Heroin

129
Q

Behavioral self-control therapy (BSCT) is a form of what type of therapy?

A

Cognitive behavioral

130
Q

Who can be diagnosed under the dsm5 for a disorder regard ekes of whether they suffer impairment or distress?

A

Pedophilia

131
Q

The psychomotor symptoms for schizophrenia may take certain extreme forms refereed to as what ?

A

Catatonia

Psyc 213 (4 decks)

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