3 Flashcards
What involves using a drug to the point that out affects ones family social relationships and work?
Substance abuse
What neuro transmitter does cocaine effect?
The dopamine transmitter
What has the greatest affect on sobering someone up?
The passage of time
What drug increases the activity of the central nervous system
Coke
What drug is not known to directly stimulate the brains reward center?
Heroin
What is an accurate statement about the effects of marijuana?
It causes lower sperm count in some men
What substance is just as addicting as heroin ?
Nicotine
Asking people with alcoholism to imagine repulsive sciences while they are drinking is what form of therapy?
Cognitive therapy
Genetic linkage studies have found an abnormal form of a gene for what type of neuro transmitter?
D2
Behavioral self-control training (BSCT) is a form of what type of therapy?
Cognitive behavioral therapy
What is often mixed with heroin?
Battery acid
What theory explains how the sight sight of a hypodermic needle can Induce a high in one dependent on heroin ?
Classical conditioning
What treatment model advocated by Alcoholics Anonymous is an example of what type of model?
Socio cultural
What are drugs that attach to endorphin receptor sites and make it impossible for opioids to have their usual effect?
Narcotic antagonists
Which method of ingesting a substance has the fastest effect on the brain?
Inhaling
What is methadone ?
An opioid
Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines key lower the brains production of what ?
GABA
What is the worlds most widely used stimulant?
Caffeine
Sometimes when two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain on the and the body that as people build up a tolerance for one drug they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. What is this effect known as?
Cross tolerance
What is the combined effect of different drugs multiplying or potentitiating each other’s effects know as?
Synergistic
What is term is known as an addiction?
Substance dependence
Regular use of opioids may reduce the brains production of what?
Endorphins
What has adversity therapy primarily been used to aid in?
Alcohol use and dependence
What is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol ?
Naxolone
What theorists believe people can control their drinking in moderation rather than strict abstinence?
Cognitive behavioral
When different drugs are in the body At the same time, the combined effect can be greater then each drug turn alone. What is this effect called?
Synergistic
Which category of drug is often given to patients in detoxification to reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions such as delirium tremors and seizures?
Anti aniexty meds
Which drug treatment approach makes incentives such as program privileges depends on the submission of drug-free urine samples ?
Contingency management
What is not a sociocultural explanation for the cause of substance use disorders?
Children whose needs are not met by parents grow up depending on others for comfort and this may develop into a relationship with substances
What is a behavioral approach to treating fetishism?
Masturbatory satiation
What measure is useful in assessing wether physical factors are responsible for male erectile disorder ?
Nocturnal penile tumescence
What causes a person to experience severe pain in the genitals during sex ?
Dysparenium
The belief that people with voyeurism are seeking to gain power over others by their actions comes from whet perspective?
Psychodynamic
Early ejaculation occurs when what
A man blows his load within one minute
Men with what disorder persistently lack or have reduced interest in sex and, in turn display little sexual activity ?
Male hypo active sexual desire disorder
What hormone had not been linked to hypo active sexual disorder?
Oxytocin
Which disorder primarily involves the inability to respond normally in key areas of sexual functioning , resulting in difficulty enjoying sex?
Sexual dysfunction
How many sessions does sex therapy last?
15-20
Which phase of the human sexual response cycle is not affected by a sexual dysfunction?
The resolution phase
Whet is an untrue statement about men suffering from exibitionsm ?
They often have unsatisfactory sexual relationships wth their wives
A person who is sexually arroused by by inflicting physical pain on others is called a what ?
Sexual Sadist
Non demand pleasuring or ——–, if often used in therapy to help couples on giving and receiving sexual pleasure with a reduced focus on orgasm?
Senate Focusing
Vaginismus and dyspareunia are considered disorders of what!
Pain
If low levels of alcohol may enhance the sex drive by lowering a persons inhibition high levels of alcohol will do what?
Reduce it
What is a effective technique for premature ejaculation?
The start stop procedure
What is a behavior treatment that teaches people with paraphilias to respond to more appropriate sources of sexual stimulation?
Orgasmic reorientation
Phillip has repeated and intense sexual urges to rub his genitals against women in crowded subways
Frotteuristic disorder
Dyspareunia in women is ussually caused by what?
Cognitive causes
What type of cognitive treatment has been used to treat pedophilia?
Relapse prevention training
Investigators in a Dutch study found an abnormality in what part of the brain of men with gender dysphoria ?
Hypothalamus
What is not a a given factor in the origins of female orgasmic disorder?
Religious upbringing
Modern sex therapy is what?
Short term and instructive
What theory of conditioning has been used to help explain the origins of sexual sadism and sexual masochism?
Classical conditioning
Most clinicians agree with the ———- ——- explanation of the orgins of vaginismus
Cognitive behavioral
What is a correct statement about viagra or oral contraceptives?
It was not until 1999 that low dose oral contraceptives were approved for women in Japan
What has not been considered as a possible case for dyspareunia?
Misshaped genitals
The typical person with transvestism is almost always what?
Heterosexual
What is the phenomenon People wth schzizophrenia experience be where they lose contact with reality?
Psychosis
Schizophrenic individuals sometimes make up words which have meaning only for them . These words are called ?
Neologisms
Andre hates suffered from what?
Post partum psychosis
People with schizophrenia who maintain physical posture and resist being moved are displaying what
?
Catatonic rigidity
The group of antihistamines drugs that became the first group of effective antipsychotic medications is called what?
Phenothiazine
What phase of schizophrenia involves a lessening of the active phase?
The residual phase
What theory suggests that schizophrenia causes its victims to fall from a higher to a lower socioeconomic level or to remain poor becuaee they are unable to function successfully
The downward drift theory
What disorder is characterized by marked symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder?
Brief psychotic disorder
What area of the brain did researchers find more blood flow in patients experiencing auditory hallucinations ?
The Bronca
The concept of schizophrenogenic mother, which suggests that schizophrenia is caused by cold, domineering, uninterested mothers, is suggested by who?
Sigmund Freud
What are perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli
Hallucinations
Many people with schizophrenia have enlarged what?
Brain ventricles
What type of delusions are the most common type of schizophrenia ?
Persecution
Inappropriate affect, the experiencing of emotions that are unsuited to a situation, is classified as ———- symptom of schizophrenia
Positive symptoms
What famous clinical theorist argued schizophrenia is actually a constructive process in which people try to cure themselves of the concussion and unhappiness caused by their social environments?
R.D Lang
What is true of the gender demographics of schizophrenia
Equal numbers of men and women are diagnosed
What is not a category of schizophrenias symptoms?
Neuro motor
The term “schizophrenia” is a combination of the Greek words that mean split —– mind?
Split mind
What is the foundation of for present biochemical explanations of schizophrenia ?
Dopamine hypothesis
What do people who believe their feelings, thoughts, and actions are being controlled by other people have?
Delesusions of control
A persons who suffers from a mental illness and also abuse substances maybe labeled as a mentally ill chemical abuser (mica) also know as what ?
Dual diagnosis
What are the most common formal thoughts disorders experienced by people suffering from schizophrenia ?
Loose association
When does schizophrenia usually first appear?
Early 20s to mid 30s 18-25
The Dsm 5 requires that continuous signs of schizophrenia be present for atleast how long?
6 months
What disorder is associated with the presence of schizophrenia symptoms that last less than one month?
Brief psychotic disorder
Many people with schizophrenia develope ideas that they believe whole heartedly but have no basis in fact these are called what?
Delusions
Sigmoid Freud believed that people with schizophrenia regress to early stages of developmental stage of primary what?
Narcissism
What type of hallucinations are by far the most common type in people with schizophrenia ?
Auditory
What social Economic class has the highest prevalence of schizophrenia ?
Lower class
Individuals suffering from schizophrenia are almost 4 times as likely to relapse if they live with a family that has high levels of what?
Expressed emotions
People with schizophrenia often display a reduction in speech or speech content this is called what?
Alogia
What symptoms do atypical medications address ?
Primarily positive but also negative
Antipsychotic medications address what symptoms of schizophrenia?
Posted symptoms
I some cases people with schizophrenia experience a lack of pleasure what is this phenomenon called ?
Anhedonia
Conventional antipsychotic drugs are referred to as——— drugs becuase of their undesirable movement related side effects
Neuroleptic
The Parkinsonian and movement reacted side effects of certain antipsychotic medications seem to be caused by reductions of specific transmitters in the basal ganglia and what other region of the brain?
Substantia Nigra
What therapeutic premise believesInstitutions needed to promote productivity activity, self respect and indivisible responsibility ?
Milieu therapy
Token economy programs relied on the systematic application of what type of techniques ?
Operant conditioning
What is not a extra pyramidal effect of using antipsychotic medication to treat schizophrenia ?
Huntingtons type symptoms
The discovery of what revolutionized treatment for schizophrenia?
Antipsychotic drugs
What has research reportedly shown in cases of schizophrenia?
Antipsychotic drugs reduce symptoms in the majority of patients with schizophrenia
What Act requires that people with mental disorders receive treatment in their communities rather than being transported to Institutions far away from home ?
Community mental health act
As a result of institutionalization many patients develope what?
Social breakdown syndrome
Most people who live in poorly supervised or unsupervised settings survive on what?
Government disability payments
What principals-are The Milieu therapy approach on treating schizophrenia based on ?
Humanistic
Of the few psychotherapists who treated schizophrenia before the discovery of antipsychotic drugs most believed that the first task of therapy was what?
Win the trust of patients and build a close relationship with them
The use of at least one atypical antipsychotic, clozapine has been associated with the development of what?
Agranulocytosis
Where did the first day hospitals appear?
Moscow
What is not a useful form of psychotherapy for people suffering from schizophrenia?
Social therapy
Post hosptialization is known as what ?
Aftercare
A growing number of community therapists have become whet for people with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses
Case managers
The Parkinson’s and related symptoms that may be a side effect of taking anti psychotic medications seemed to be related to the reduction of what activity in the brain?
Dopamine
In most cases how long does it take for antipsychotic medication to produce the maximum level of Improvement ?
6 months
Who has become a powerful force lobbying for services for people with severe mental disorders?
The national alliance on mental illness
The fda requires people taking what medication to have periodic blood tests to screen for Agranulocytosis ?
Clozaril
People recovering from schizophrenia and other mental disorders recieve what type of occupational training workshops to help them
Sheltered
Anti psychotic drugs Reduce psychotic symptoms at least in part because they block excessive act to f next transmitters at the brains what receptors?
Dopamine D2
What criticism has not been made about the token economy programs in the treatment of the mentally ill?
There is no evidence of improvement
What recieve a the least amount of federal and state funds
Community treatment programs for people with severe mental disorders
Which symptoms of schizophrenia is most quickly reduced by Taking anti psychic medications?
Hallucinations
Patients are rewarded when they behave acceptably and are not rewarded when they behave unacceptably this is an example of what ?
Token economy
When Alchol reaches a what percent the individual had reached a state of intoxication ?
.09
Behavioral interventions for substance use disorder does what ?
Work best in a combination with either biological or cognitive approaches
People with gender dysphoria are what?
Transsexuals
In what technique do patients with hypo active sexual desire visualize sexual scene in order to uncover feelings of aniexty vulnerability and other negative emotions they may have concerning sex?
Affectual awareness
Some clinicians treat premature ejaculation with what?
Anti depressants reduce sexual arousal orgasm
Circumstantial evidence for what theory comes from unusually large numbers of people with schizophrenia ?
Prenatal
What do family support groups and family psychoeducation programs have in common?
Family members meet with others in the same situation to share thoughts
For a person suffering from male to female gender dysphoria is not sexually attracted to other men,but rather is attracted to the “fantasy” of being female what type gender dysphoria are they differing from?
Autogynephilic
What drug was a cough medication before it’s addictive properties were known?
Heroin
What drug was a cough medication before it’s addictive properties were known?
Heroin
Behavioral self-control therapy (BSCT) is a form of what type of therapy?
Cognitive behavioral
Who can be diagnosed under the dsm5 for a disorder regard ekes of whether they suffer impairment or distress?
Pedophilia
The psychomotor symptoms for schizophrenia may take certain extreme forms refereed to as what ?
Catatonia
